The rise of artificial intelligence in healthcare applications
The rise of artificial intelligence in healthcare applications
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-818438-7.00002-2
复制
发表时间：
2020-06-26
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Memarzadeh K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bohr A;Memarzadeh K
大数据和机器学习正在影响现代生活的大多数方面，从娱乐，商业和医疗保健。Netflix知道人们喜欢看哪些电影和电视剧，亚马逊知道人们喜欢在何时何地购买哪些物品，谷歌知道人们正在搜索哪些症状和病症。所有这些数据都可以用于非常详细的个人分析，这可能对行为理解和目标定位具有重要价值，但也有可能预测医疗保健趋势。人们非常乐观地认为，人工智能（AI）的应用可以在从诊断到治疗的所有医疗保健领域提供实质性的改进。人们普遍认为，人工智能工具将促进和加强人类的工作，而不是取代医生和其他医护人员的工作。AI已准备好为医疗保健人员提供各种任务，从管理工作流程到临床文档和患者外展，以及图像分析、医疗设备自动化和患者监护等专业支持。在本章中，将讨论人工智能在医疗保健中的一些主要应用，包括与医疗保健直接相关的应用和医疗保健价值链中的应用，如药物开发和环境辅助生活。
Big data and machine learning are having an impact on most aspects of modern life, from entertainment, commerce, and healthcare. Netflix knows which films and series people prefer to watch, Amazon knows which items people like to buy when and where, and Google knows which symptoms and conditions people are searching for. All this data can be used for very detailed personal profiling, which may be of great value for behavioral understanding and targeting but also has potential for predicting healthcare trends. There is great optimism that the application of artificial intelligence (AI) can provide substantial improvements in all areas of healthcare from diagnostics to treatment. It is generally believed that AI tools will facilitate and enhance human work and not replace the work of physicians and other healthcare staff as such. AI is ready to support healthcare personnel with a variety of tasks from administrative workflow to clinical documentation and patient outreach as well as specialized support such as in image analysis, medical device automation, and patient monitoring. In this chapter, some of the major applications of AI in healthcare will be discussed covering both the applications that are directly associated with healthcare and those in the healthcare value chain such as drug development and ambient assisted living.