The Effect of cytoskeleton inhibitors on coccolith morphology in Coccolithus braarudii and Scyphosphaera apsteinii
The Effect of cytoskeleton inhibitors on coccolith morphology in Coccolithus braarudii and Scyphosphaera apsteinii
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DOI：
10.1111/jpy.13303
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发表时间：
2022-12-24
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Wheeler, Glen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Langer, Gerald;Probert, Ian;Wheeler, Glen
颗石藻（附着藻门）的方解石片晶是最复杂的生物矿物结构之一。这些单细胞藻类是如何完成球石的复杂形态发生的，在很大程度上仍然是未知的。长期以来，人们一直认为细胞骨架在形成生长的球结肠中起着核心作用。先前的研究表明，破坏微管网络导致缺陷的球石形态发生在Emiliania huxleyi和球石藻braarudii。肌动蛋白网络的破坏也导致了E. huxleyi，但对C. braarudii是不清楚的，因为在所用条件下，球石分泌在很大程度上受到抑制。因此，需要对肌动蛋白和微管网络的作用进行更详细的检查，以解决细胞骨架在颗石形态发生中更广泛的作用。在这项研究中，我们研究了球石形态的C。在用微管抑制剂长春碱和秋水仙碱处理后，apsteinii）和肌动蛋白抑制剂细胞松弛素B。我们发现，所有的细胞骨架抑制剂诱导颗石畸形，强烈表明，微管和肌动蛋白丝是有助于形态发生。通过证明在不同物种的球石形态发生的微管和肌动蛋白网络的要求，我们的研究结果表明，这两个细胞骨架元素很可能发挥保守的作用，在定义球石形态。
The calcite platelets of coccolithophores (Haptophyta), the coccoliths, are among the most elaborate biomineral structures. How these unicellular algae accomplish the complex morphogenesis of coccoliths is still largely unknown. It has long been proposed that the cytoskeleton plays a central role in shaping the growing coccoliths. Previous studies have indicated that disruption of the microtubule network led to defects in coccolith morphogenesis in Emiliania huxleyi and Coccolithus braarudii. Disruption of the actin network also led to defects in coccolith morphology in E. huxleyi, but its impact on coccolith morphology in C. braarudii was unclear, as coccolith secretion was largely inhibited under the conditions used. A more detailed examination of the role of actin and microtubule networks is therefore required to address the wider role of the cytoskeleton in coccolith morphogenesis. In this study, we have examined coccolith morphology in C. braarudii and Scyphosphaera apsteinii following treatment with the microtubule inhibitors vinblastine and colchicine (S. apsteinii only) and the actin inhibitor cytochalasin B. We found that all cytoskeleton inhibitors induced coccolith malformations, strongly suggesting that both microtubules and actin filaments are instrumental in morphogenesis. By demonstrating the requirement for the microtubule and actin networks in coccolith morphogenesis in diverse species, our results suggest that both of these cytoskeletal elements are likely to play conserved roles in defining coccolith morphology.