Work schedules and fatigue: A prospective cohort study.
Work schedules and fatigue: A prospective cohort study.
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DOI：
10.1136/oem.60.suppl_1.i47
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Kant, I. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jansen, N. W. H.;van Amelsvoort, L. G. P. M.;Kant, I. J.
目的：（1）描述不同工作时间（白天工作、三班倒、五班制和不定期轮班工作）的员工的疲劳患病率;（2）调查不同工作时间是否与随着时间的推移而增加的疲劳有关，同时考虑到职位和工作特性;（3）研究轮班工作者转变为白天工作的疲劳。研究方法：数据来自马斯特里赫特队列研究（n=120951）的连续9次为期4个月的工作疲劳自填问卷，随访32个月。日工和轮班工人的职称是匹配的。结果：白班工人疲劳发生率为18.1%，三班倒工人为28.6%，五班倒工人为23.7%，倒班工人为19.1%。对于三班制和五班制工人的疲劳水平显着更高的观察相比，在基线测量的日工。在超过32个月的随访疲劳的过程中，只有小的和不显著的差异，员工在不同的工作时间表。然而，在基线疲劳的员工中，与疲劳的日间工作者相比，五班制工人的疲劳水平随着时间的推移下降得更快。轮班工人改变到白天工作的报告更高的疲劳水平之前的变化，相比那些仍然在轮班工作。结论：白班和倒班工人的疲劳存在显著差异。然而，由于在疲劳过程中没有发现明显的差异，这些差异可能是在轮班工作开始后的有限时间内发展起来的。此外，有证据表明，疲劳可能是放弃轮班工作和转为白天工作的重要原因。最后，在工作时间表和疲劳之间的关系，知觉的工作特性可能发挥重要作用。
Aims: (1) To describe the prevalence of fatigue among employees in different work schedules (day work, three-shift, five-shift, and irregular shift work); (2) to investigate whether different work schedules are related to increasing fatigue over time, while taking into account job title and job characteristics; and (3) to study fatigue among shift workers changing to day work. Methods: Data from nine consecutive four-monthly self administered questionnaires from the Maastricht Cohort Study on fatigue at work (n=120951) were used with 32 months of follow up. Day and shift workers were matched on job title. Results: The prevalence of fatigue was 18.1% in day workers, 28.6% in three-shift, 23.7% in five-shift, and 19.1% in irregular shift workers. For three-shift and five-shift workers substantial higher fatigue levels were observed compared to day workers at baseline measurement. In the course of fatigue over the 32 months of follow up there were only small and insignificant differences between employees in different work schedules. However, among employees fatigued at baseline, fatigue levels decreased faster over time among five-shift workers compared to fatigued day workers. Shift workers changing to day work reported substantially higher fatigue levels prior to change, compared to those remaining in shift work. Conclusions: Substantial differences in fatigue existed between day and shift workers. However, as no considerable differences in the course of fatigue were found, these differences have probably developed within a limited time span after starting in a shift work job. Further, evidence was found that fatigue could be an important reason for quitting shift work and moving to day work. Finally, in the relation between work schedules and fatigue, perceived job characteristics might play an important role.