Microstimulation of human somatosensory cortex evokes task-dependent, spatially patterned responses in motor cortex.
Microstimulation of human somatosensory cortex evokes task-dependent, spatially patterned responses in motor cortex.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-023-43140-2
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发表时间：
2023-11-10
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Bensmaia, Sliman J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shelchkova, Natalya D;Downey, John E;Greenspon, Charles M;Okorokova, Elizaveta V;Sobinov, Anton R;Verbaarschot, Ceci;He, Qinpu;Sponheim, Caleb;Tortolani, Ariana F;Moore, Dalton D;Kaufman, Matthew T;Lee, Ray C;Satzer, David;Gonzalez-Martinez, Jorge;Warnke, Peter C;Miller, Lee E;Boninger, Michael L;Gaunt, Robert A;Collinger, Jennifer L;Hatsopoulos, Nicholas G;Bensmaia, Sliman J
初级运动（M1）和躯体感觉（S1）皮质在运动控制中起着关键作用，但这些结构之间的信号传递却知之甚少。为了填补这一空白，我们在一项针对手部瘫痪患者的正在进行的人体临床试验（NCT 01894802）的三名参与者中记录了在S1手部代表中进行皮质内微刺激（ICMS）期间M1手部和手臂代表中诱发的反应。我们发现，ICMS的S1激活一些M1神经元在短，固定的lavelance与单突触激活一致。此外，M1中的大多数ICMS诱发反应在时间上变化更大，表明刺激的间接效应。M1激活的空间模式系统地变化：引起手指感知的S1电极优先激活在手指运动期间兴奋的M1神经元。此外，S1 ICMS对M1的间接影响是依赖于上下文的，因此相对于基线的幅度甚至符号在不同任务中有所不同。我们测试了这些效应对虚拟手的大脑控制的影响，其中ICMS传达触觉反馈。虽然ICMS诱发的M1激活扰乱了解码器的性能，但使用仿生刺激可以最大限度地减少这种干扰，仿生刺激强调了抓握开始和偏移时的接触瞬变，并减少了持续刺激。在这里，作者记录了在S1的手部代表中的皮质内微刺激期间M1的手部和手臂代表中诱发的反应，并显示了与运动皮质的躯体组织连接。由此产生的对运动解码的干扰取决于任务，但可以通过使用仿生刺激来缓解。
The primary motor (M1) and somatosensory (S1) cortices play critical roles in motor control but the signaling between these structures is poorly understood. To fill this gap, we recorded – in three participants in an ongoing human clinical trial (NCT01894802) for people with paralyzed hands – the responses evoked in the hand and arm representations of M1 during intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) in the hand representation of S1. We found that ICMS of S1 activated some M1 neurons at short, fixed latencies consistent with monosynaptic activation. Additionally, most of the ICMS-evoked responses in M1 were more variable in time, suggesting indirect effects of stimulation. The spatial pattern of M1 activation varied systematically: S1 electrodes that elicited percepts in a finger preferentially activated M1 neurons excited during that finger’s movement. Moreover, the indirect effects of S1 ICMS on M1 were context dependent, such that the magnitude and even sign relative to baseline varied across tasks. We tested the implications of these effects for brain-control of a virtual hand, in which ICMS conveyed tactile feedback. While ICMS-evoked activation of M1 disrupted decoder performance, this disruption was minimized using biomimetic stimulation, which emphasizes contact transients at the onset and offset of grasp, and reduces sustained stimulation. Here the authors record the responses evoked in the hand and arm representations of M1 during intracortical microstimulation in the hand representation of S1, and show somatotopically organized connections with motor cortex. The resulting interference with motor decoding is task dependent but can be alleviated by using biomimetic stimulation.