Evaluating outcomes of a community-based parent training program for Japanese children with developmental disabilities: a retrospective pilot study
Evaluating outcomes of a community-based parent training program for Japanese children with developmental disabilities: a retrospective pilot study
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评估针对日本发育障碍儿童的社区家长培训计划的结果：一项回顾性试点研究
DOI：
10.1080/20473869.2022.2070420
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Inoue Masahiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haraguchi Hideyuki;Inoue Masahiko
最近，包括日本在内的许多国家在社区环境中建议对发育障碍儿童(DDS)的父母进行家长培训。研究表明，PT可以提高父母的育儿技能和心理健康，提高适应技能，减少儿童的行为问题。尽管有证据表明PT对父母和孩子都有好处，但在现实世界中，缺乏关于PT潜在好处的证据。此外，还没有研究检验在临床环境中实施的PT计划是否对患有不同类型DDD的儿童的所有父母产生类似的影响。这项初步研究的目的是检验父母的心理健康和患有精神障碍的儿童的适应技能是否因创伤后应激障碍而发生类似的积极变化，而与儿童的残疾类型无关。这项研究使用了128名在临床环境中参与PT计划的父母的数据，以及通过父母报告产生的128名2-17 岁患有广泛DDD的儿童的数据，即自闭症谱系障碍、智力残疾和其他DDD，并回顾评估了PT对父母及其子女的影响。具体地说，分析了父母心理健康和儿童适应技能的变化。PT项目旨在帮助父母使用应用行为分析技术在家里教孩子适应技能。结果表明，父母在完成PT后显著改善了他们的心理健康，无论他们的孩子是哪种残疾类型。在PT期间，几乎所有的家长都能够完成针对其孩子的几项教学任务；一些患有DDS的儿童获得了几项适应技能。然而，并不是所有的父母和他们的孩子都观察到了这些积极的变化。这些发现表明，一些患有DDS的父母和他们的孩子可能在临床环境中受益于PT计划。同时，这些发现强调了在临床环境中为患有DDS的父母和他们的孩子提供持续的额外支持的重要性。
Parent training (PT) for parents of children with developmental disabilities (DDs) has recently been recommended in community settings in many countries, including Japan. Research has shown PT could improve parenting skills and mental health in parents as well as improve adaptive skills and reduce behavioral problems in children. Despite evidence concerning the beneficial effects of PT on both parents and children, there is a lack of evidence concerning the potential benefits of PT in real world settings. Moreover, no research has examined whether PT programs implemented in clinical settings have a similar impact on all parents of children with various type of DDs. The present pilot study aimed to examine whether positive changes occur similarly in parental mental health and in the adaptive skills of children with DDs as a result of PT, irrespective of the children’s disability type. The study used data from 128 parents who had participated in a PT program in a clinical setting and data concerning 128 children aged 2–17 years with a wide range of DDs, namely autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and other DDs, generated through parental reports and retrospectively assessed the impact of PT on parents and their children. Specifically, changes in parental mental health and the adaptive skills of children were analyzed. The PT program was designed to help parents teach their children adaptive skills at home using applied behavior analytic techniques. The results showed that the parents improved their mental health significantly after completing the PT, irrespective of their child’s disability type. During the PT period, almost all the parents were able to implement several instructional tasks targeted toward their children; some children with DDs acquired several adaptive skills. However, these positive changes were not observed in all the parents and their children. These findings suggest that some parents and their children with DDs may benefit from the PT program in a clinical setting. Concurrently, these findings highlight the importance of providing sustained additional support in clinical settings to parents and their children with DDs.