Primary motor cortex drives expressive facial movements related to reward processing in mice
Primary motor cortex drives expressive facial movements related to reward processing in mice
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初级运动皮层驱动与小鼠奖励处理相关的表情性面部运动
DOI：
10.1101/2022.10.28.514159
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yamashita Takayuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li Wanru;Nakano Takashi;Mizutani Kohta;Kawatani Masahiro;Matsubara Takanori;Danjo Teruko;Mukai Yasutaka;Yamanaka Akihiro;Ito Hikaru;Aizawa Hidenori;Petersen Carl C. H.;Yoshimoto Junichiro;Yamashita Takayuki
在基于奖励的学习任务中，动物在奖励期望和获得的时间上做出全面影响大脑活动的口面运动。这些口面运动没有明确的指示，通常出现沿着目标导向的行为。在这里，我们表明，在小鼠腹侧被盖区（oDAS）的多巴胺神经元的增强光遗传刺激足以诱导胡须和鼻子的orofacial运动，而不伴随目标导向行为。巴甫洛夫条件反射与感官线索和oDAS引起的线索锁定和oDAS对齐orofacial运动，这是可区分的机器学习模型。多巴胺D1受体的抑制或敲除抑制oDAS诱导的运动，但幸免于线索锁定运动，这两种类型的口面运动的差异调节。相反，胡须初级运动皮层（wM1）的失活废除了这两种类型的orofacial运动。我们在wM1中发现了特定的神经元群体，代表oDAS对齐或线索锁定的胡须运动。值得注意的是，wM1神经元的光遗传学刺激成功地复制了这两种类型的运动。因此，我们的研究结果表明，D1受体依赖和独立的神经元信号收敛在wM1，以促进不同的未经指示orofacial运动在奖励为基础的学习任务。
During reward-based learning tasks, animals make orofacial movements that globally influence brain activity at the timings of reward expectation and acquisition. These orofacial movements are not explicitly instructed and typically appear along with goal-directed behaviors. Here, we show that reinforcing optogenetic stimulation of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (oDAS) in mice is sufficient to induce orofacial movements in the whiskers and nose without accompanying goal-directed behaviors. Pavlovian conditioning with a sensory cue and oDAS elicited cue-locked and oDAS-aligned orofacial movements, which were distinguishable by a machine-learning model. Inhibition or knockout of dopamine D1 receptors in the nucleus accumbens inhibited oDAS-induced motion but spared cue-locked motion, suggesting differential regulation of these two types of orofacial motions. In contrast, inactivation of the whisker primary motor cortex (wM1) abolished both types of orofacial movements. We found specific neuronal populations in wM1 representing either oDAS-aligned or cue-locked whisker movements. Notably, optogenetic stimulation of wM1 neurons successfully replicated these two types of movements. Our results thus suggest that accumbal D1-receptor-dependent and -independent neuronal signals converge in the wM1 for facilitating distinct uninstructed orofacial movements during a reward-based learning task.