Using the Past to Manage for the Future
Using the Past to Manage for the Future
复制标题
利用过去管理未来
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Flessa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Dietl;K. Flessa
保护生物学的科学和实践在未来几十年面临新的挑战，这将需要应用脊椎动物化石记录。新的挑战是如何在一个前所未有的气候变化、人口增长和栖息地破碎化的时代，不仅保护单个物种，而且保护自然生态系统的功能。在这种情况下，脊椎动物古生物学和保护生物学之间的联系是必要的：（1）确定正常的变化范围，生态系统通常在其生命周期中的经验;（2）提供监测生态系统的保护生物学家和基准识别成功的生态系统管理有用的指标;（3）制定有效的物种和生态系统的保护策略。在这里，我们总结了一些方法，脊椎动物古生物学的遗传学，种群，物种多样性和灭绝的工作是有助于这些需求。例如，在生活史策略的背景下，古代DNA技术的应用提供了一种确定现代人口何时陷入困境的手段。现代生态系统中的物种组成、丰度和丰富度都可以与古生物学记录进行比较，以评估生态系统何时表现出不寻常的变化。过去的警告提供了如何避免未来警告的见解。新的保护工作，如协助迁移，将需要关于过去哪些物种替代维持生态功能的信息。我们预计，随着生态系统需要越来越多的人为操作来维持生物多样性，古生物学记录作为评估生态健康的基线将变得更加重要。
—The science and practice of conservation biology face new challenges in the next few decades that will require application of the vertebrate fossil record. The new challenges are how to preserve not only individual species, but also natural ecosystem function through a time that is seeing unprecedented rates of climate change, human-population growth, and habitat fragmentation. Under these circumstances, linkages between vertebrate paleontology and conservation biology are needed to: (1) define the range of normal variation that ecosystems typically experience in their lifespan; (2) provide metrics for monitoring ecosystems that are useful for conservation biologists and benchmarks for recognizing successful ecosystem management; and (3) develop effective conservation strategies for species and ecosystems. Here we summarize some ways vertebrate paleontological work on genetics, populations, species diversity, and extinction is contributing to these needs. For example, the application of ancient DNA techniques in the context of life history strategies provides a means of determining when modern populations are in trouble. Species composition, abundance, and richness in modern ecosystems all can be compared to the paleontological record to assess when an ecosystem is exhibiting unusual changes. Past extinctions offer insights as to how to avoid future ones. New conservation efforts such as assisted migration will require information on which kinds of species substitutions maintained ecological function in the past. We anticipate that as ecosystems require more and more human manipulation to sustain biodiversity, the paleontological record will become even more important as a baseline against which to assess ecological health.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.90.8.3172
发表时间：
1993-04
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
M. Menotti-Raymond;Stephen J. O'Brien
通讯作者：
M. Menotti-Raymond;Stephen J. O'Brien