Sound transmission in a bamboo forest and its implications for information transfer in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) bleats.
Sound transmission in a bamboo forest and its implications for information transfer in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) bleats.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-31155-5
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发表时间：
2018-09-20
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Swaisgood RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charlton BD;Owen MA;Keating JL;Martin-Wintle MS;Zhang H;Swaisgood RR
虽然哺乳动物的发声信号属性的呼叫者是重要的，在一系列的情况下，相对较少的研究调查的特定类型的信息编码的哺乳动物呼叫的传输。在这项研究中，我们广播并重新记录了大熊猫在种植园中的叫声，以评估这些叫声在距离上的个体和性别差异的稳定性，并确定大熊猫叫声的声学结构如何在这个物种的典型环境中退化。我们的研究结果表明，发声者和接收者之间的距离超过20米和10米时，呼叫者的身份和性别的声音识别是不可能的。进一步的分析表明，F0轮廓的咩咩是受到高度的结构退化，因为它通过竹冠传播，使测量的平均F0和F0调制特性非常不可靠的距离超过10米。在竹林环境中最稳定的鸣叫声的声学特征（最低的%变化）是上共振峰和整体共振峰间距。振幅衰减的分析表明，第五和第六共振峰比其他频率成分的鸣叫更容易衰减，但是，第五共振峰仍然是最突出和持久的频率成分的距离。与以前的研究配对，这些结果表明，大熊猫的咩叫有可能在20米的距离内发出呼叫者的身份信号，并可靠地传递距离呼叫者10米的性别差异，并表明咩叫中F0调制编码的信息只能在该物种的自然环境中的近距离相互作用中具有功能相关性。
Although mammal vocalisations signal attributes about the caller that are important in a range of contexts, relatively few studies have investigated the transmission of specific types of information encoded in mammal calls. In this study we broadcast and re-recorded giant panda bleats in a bamboo plantation, to assess the stability of individuality and sex differences in these calls over distance, and determine how the acoustic structure of giant panda bleats degrades in this species’ typical environment. Our results indicate that vocal recognition of the caller’s identity and sex is not likely to be possible when the distance between the vocaliser and receiver exceeds 20 m and 10 m, respectively. Further analysis revealed that the F0 contour of bleats was subject to high structural degradation as it propagated through the bamboo canopy, making the measurement of mean F0 and F0 modulation characteristics highly unreliable at distances exceeding 10 m. The most stable acoustic features of bleats in the bamboo forest environment (lowest % variation) were the upper formants and overall formant spacing. The analysis of amplitude attenuation revealed that the fifth and sixth formant are more prone to decay than the other frequency components of bleats, however, the fifth formant still remained the most prominent and persistent frequency component over distance. Paired with previous studies, these results show that giant panda bleats have the potential to signal the caller’s identity at distances of up to 20 m and reliably transmit sex differences up to 10 m from the caller, and suggest that information encoded by F0 modulation in bleats could only be functionally relevant during close-range interactions in this species’ natural environment.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
MARTEN, K;MARLER, P
通讯作者：
MARLER, P
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作者：
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