A Genome-Wide Screen Identifies 27 Genes Involved in Transposon Silencing in C. elegans
A Genome-Wide Screen Identifies 27 Genes Involved in Transposon Silencing in C. elegans
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DOI：
10.1016/s0960-9822(03)00539-6
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发表时间：
2003-08
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
N. Vastenhouw;S. Fischer;V. Robert;K. Thijssen;A. Fraser;R. Kamath;J. Ahringer;R. Plasterk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Vastenhouw;S. Fischer;V. Robert;K. Thijssen;A. Fraser;R. Kamath;J. Ahringer;R. Plasterk
转座子跳跃是基因组不稳定的主要原因。在theC.在elegansstrain布里斯托N2中，转座子在体细胞中是活跃的，但它们在生殖系中是沉默的[1]，可能是为了保护生殖系免受突变。有趣的是，转座子沉默机制与RNAi机制共享因素[2]。为了更好地理解转座子沉默的机制，我们进行了全基因组RNAi筛选基因，当沉默时，导致C中Tc 1转座。优雅的我们确定了27个这样的基因，其中aremut-16，以前发现的，但没有确定在分子水平上的突变，ppw-2，argonaute家族的成员，和几个因素，表明在转座调控染色质结构的作用。一些新发现的基因也需要共抑制，因此代表了两个途径的共享组件。由于大多数新发现的基因在其他物种中有明确的同源物，而且转座子从原生动物到人类都有发现，因此它们似乎也可以保护其他基因组免受生殖系中转座子活性的影响。
Transposon jumps are a major cause of genome instability. In theC. elegansstrain Bristol N2, transposons are active in somatic cells, but they are silenced in the germline [1], presumably to protect the germline from mutations. Interestingly, the transposon-silencing mechanism shares factors with the RNAi machinery [2]. To better understand the mechanism of transposon silencing, we performed a genome-wide RNAi screen for genes that, when silenced, cause transposition of Tc1 in theC. elegansgermline. We identified 27 such genes, among which aremut-16, a mutator that was previously found but not identified at the molecular level,ppw-2, a member of the argonaute family, and several factors that indicate a role for chromatin structure in the regulation of transposition. Some of the newly identified genes are also required for cosuppression and therefore represent the shared components of the two pathways. Since most of the newly identified genes have clear homologs in other species, and since transposons are found from protozoa to human, it seems likely that they also protect other genomes against transposon activity in the germline.