APHIDOPHAGOUS CECIDOMYIIDAE (DIPTERA) - TAXONOMY, BIOLOGY AND ASSESSMENTS OF FIELD POPULATIONS
APHIDOPHAGOUS CECIDOMYIIDAE (DIPTERA) - TAXONOMY, BIOLOGY AND ASSESSMENTS OF FIELD POPULATIONS
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007485300039080
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发表时间：
1973-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
HARRIS, KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HARRIS, KM
蚜蝇科Aphidolaciens Kieffer和Monobremia Kieffer的幼虫专门以蚜虫为食。对这些属及其所含种的分类地位进行了综述，并给出了新的属和种的异名。A. aphidimyza（Rondani）、蚜蝇A. urticariae（Kieffer），刺叶螨A. abietis（Kieffer）、冷杉A. thompsoni Möhn和M. subdapreea（Kieffer）被认为是优良种，并将其命名为新模式。荨麻疹这些物种的诊断特征和男性生殖器，女性的翅膀和幼虫皮肤的特征进行了说明。发表了关于它们的生物学信息，特别是最常见的物种A。摘要介绍了蚜虫的寄主范围和地理分布。草裂孔菌Lestodiplosis grassator（Fyles），L. pini巴恩斯、Trilobia aphidisuga Del Guercio、Uncinulella eriosomiperda Del Guercio、Trilobiella siphae Del Guercio和Adelgimyza strobilobii Del Guercio可能捕食蚜虫，但自最初描述以来一直未被识别。通过田间蚜虫菌落检查、聚乙烯袋中样品孵育和70%乙醇中固定样品的实验室检查，对蚜虫田间种群进行比较评估，结果表明，只有最后一种方法能准确计数卵和幼虫。本文列出了1970- 1972年在威斯利发生的蚜虫群体中采集的35个样品中蚜虫、蚜虫、食蚜蝇、瓢虫和花蝇的数量，以及其他地方采集的7个样品。蚜虫（主要是A. aphidimyza）在数量上是威斯利三年中的主要捕食者，野生植物上的数量大约是栽培植物上的十倍。
Larvae of Aphidoletes Kieffer and Monobremia Kieffer feed exclusively as predators on aphids. The taxonomic status of these genera and their included species is reviewed and new generic and specific synonymies are given. A. aphidimyza (Rondani), A. urticariae (Kieffer), A. abietis (Kieffer), A. thompsoni Möhn and M. subterranea (Kieffer) are accepted as good species and a neotype is designated for A. urticariae. Diagnostic characters of these species are indicated and characters of the male genitalia, female wings and larval skins are illustrated. Published information on their biology, particularly of the commonest species A. aphidimyza, is summarized and includes details of host ranges and geographical distribution. Lestodiplosis grassator (Fyles), L. pini Barnes, Trilobia aphidisuga Del Guercio, Uncinulella eriosomiperda Del Guercio, Trilobiella siphae Del Guercio and Adelgimyza strobilobii Del Guercio probably prey on aphids but have not been recognized since they were originally described. Comparative assessments of field populations of Aphidoletes by examination of aphid colonies in the field, by incubation of samples in polythene bags and by laboratory examination of samples fixed in 70% ethyl alcohol showed that only the last gives accurate counts of eggs and larvae. Counts of aphids, Aphidoletes, Syrphids, Coccinellids and Anthocorids in 35 samples taken from aphid colonies occurring at Wisley in 1970–72 are tabulated, together with seven samples from other localities. Aphidoletes (mainly A. aphidimyza) was numerically the dominant predator in all three years at Wisley and was about ten times more numerous on wild plants than on cultivated plants.