The Effects of Flooding and Plowing on Foraging Site Selection by Wintering Dabbling Ducks in Rice Fields
The Effects of Flooding and Plowing on Foraging Site Selection by Wintering Dabbling Ducks in Rice Fields
复制标题
水淹和翻耕对稻田越冬涉水鸭觅食地点选择的影响
DOI：
10.2326/osj.12.127
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Ohkawara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hironobu Tajiri;K. Ohkawara
摘要 在日本，稻田被视为水鸟越冬的重要场所。稻田里蕴藏着大量收获后的废稻，这是涉水鸭冬季的重要食物来源。稻田作为鸭子觅食地的可用性受到农业管理方法、收获方法或收获后残留物处理的影响。在本研究中，我们研究了收割后两种农业做法（浅水淹没和耕田表面）对日本石川县交野鸭池附近稻田鸭子觅食地点选择的影响。为了调查鸭群在稻田中的分布情况，在2004-2005年冬季和2006-2007年冬季进行了夜间普查。还记录了普查区域的田间状况（洪水或犁耕）。通过GLMM模型选择表明，水覆盖对鸭子数量有正向影响，但收获后耕作有负向影响。此外，还通过田间试验检验了犁耕的效果。未耕地的地面初始颗粒密度较高。未耕的稻田被认为更适合鸭子作为觅食地，耕作会掩埋残留的稻谷，从而降低了稻田作为觅食地的吸引力。
Abstract In Japan, Rice Oryza sativa fields are regarded as important sites for wintering waterbirds. Rice fields harbor considerable amounts of post-harvest waste rice, which is an important food resource for dabbling ducks in winter. The availability of rice fields as duck foraging sites is affected by agricultural management methods, harvest methods or post-harvest treatment of residues. In the present study, we examined the effects of two agricultural practices after harvesting, flooding with shallow water and plowing the surface of fields, on foraging site selection by ducks in rice fields near Katano-kamoike, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. To investigate the distribution of duck flocks in rice fields, night censuses were conducted during winters 2004–2005 to 2006–2007. Field conditions (flooded or plowed) in the census area were also recorded. By GLMM model selection, it was shown that water cover had a positive effect on the number of ducks, but post-harvest plowing had a negative effect. Furthermore, the effect of plowing was tested by a field experiment. The initial grain density on the ground was higher at unplowed plots. Unplowed rice fields are considered to be more suitable for ducks as foraging sites, with plowing reducing the attractiveness of rice fields as foraging sites by burying residual rice grains.