How are nature-based solutions contributing to priority societal challenges surrounding human well-being in the United Kingdom: a systematic map
How are nature-based solutions contributing to priority societal challenges surrounding human well-being in the United Kingdom: a systematic map
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DOI：
10.1186/s13750-020-00208-6
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发表时间：
2020-10-21
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Miller, James D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dick, Jan;Carruthers-Jones, Jonathan;Miller, James D.
背景 基于自然的解决方案（NBS）的概念已发展成为一个总括概念，用于描述学习和利用自然来创建可持续社会生态系统的方法。此外，NBS 经常解决人类中长期面临的多种社会挑战，因此可以提高人类福祉 (HWB)。这项研究的目的是满足对国家统计局和 HWB 之间联系的有针对性的系统证据图的需求，以支持未来的重点研究，满足英国及其他地区政策制定者的关键知识需求。方法 2019 年春季，在英国四个组成部分（英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰）与政策制定者和政府机构工作人员（n = 46）进行了磋商。磋商确定了缺乏科学证据基础的运营经验所面临的四个关键社会挑战。其中三个挑战与管理问题有关：国家统计局成本效益、规划治理、环境正义。第四个挑战与声学环境（音景）有关。本研究使用系统方法，搜索并确定了针对这四个选定的社会挑战评估 NBS 对 HWB 的研究。综述结果 系统检索共返回 7287 篇文章，并在标题和摘要层面进行了适宜性筛选。共有 610 篇文章通过了筛选标准，可以进行全文筛选。其中，115 项研究符合最终系统地图数据库的全文资格标准。纳入的研究针对 12 项 NBS 干预措施和 10 项 HWB 相关结果类别进行编码。大多数审查的证据都涉及城市环境中的自然、蓝色或绿色基础设施，并侧重于 HWB 的经济、物质和健康方面。与非 NBS 行动或干预措施相比，在检索中发现的研究中，只有不到 2% 的研究有力地报告了 NBS 行动或干预措施对 HWB 的作用 结论 该系统图发现 NBS-HWB 联系的证据基础正在不断增长，但现有文献中仍然存在显着偏差。人们偏向于关注保护方面的城市环境和恢复研究，只有少数研究调查了国家统计局的行动和干预措施可以为 HWB 带来的全套优势。在政策制定者认为至关重要的社会挑战中，声景研究最少，而成本效率的研究最多。缺乏强有力的长期研究来明确测试 NBS 与非 NBS 替代方案相比在 HWB 结局方面的潜力。缺乏涵盖已确定的所有四个关键社会挑战的可靠初级知识，证实了政策制定者确定的知识差距仍然存在，并凸显了对长期、跨学科研究的明确研究需求，这些研究重点关注国家统计局和非国家统计局替代方案之间的比较
Background The concept of nature-based solutions (NBS) has evolved as an umbrella concept to describe approaches to learning from and using nature to create sustainable socio-ecological systems. Furthermore, NBS often address multiple societal challenges that humans are facing in the medium to long-term and as such can enhance human well-being (HWB). This study was commissioned to fulfil the need for a targeted systematic evidence map on the linkage between NBS and HWB to support focused research going forward that addresses the key knowledge needs of policy makers in the UK and beyond. Methods A consultation with policy makers and government agency staff (n = 46), in the four component parts of the UK (England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland) was conducted in spring 2019. This identified four key societal challenges of operational experience lacking a scientific evidence base. Three of these challenges related to management issues: NBS cost-efficacy, governance in planning, environmental justice. The fourth challenge related to the acoustic environment (soundscape). Using systematic methods, this study searched for and identified studies that assessed NBS on HWB with regard to these four selected societal challenges. Review findings A total of 7287 articles were returned from the systematic search and screened for suitability at the level of title and abstract. A total of 610 articles passed screening criteria to warrant full text screening. Of these, 115 studies met the full text criteria for eligibility in the final systematic map database. Included studies were coded for twelve NBS interventions and ten HWB related outcome categories. Most of the evidence reviewed referred to natural, blue or green infrastructure in the urban environment and focused on economic, material and health aspects of HWB. Less than 2% of studies identified in the searches robustly reported the role of NBS actions or interventions on HWB compared with non-NBS actions or interventions Conclusion This systematic map found the evidence base is growing on NBS-HWB linkages, but significant biases persist in the existing literature. There was a bias in favour of the urban environment and restoration studies focused on conservation aspects, with only a few studies investigating the full suite of advantages to HWB that can be delivered from NBS actions and interventions. The soundscape was the least studied of the societal challenges identified as being of key importance by policy makers, with cost-efficiency the most reported. There was a lack of robust long-term studies to clearly test the potential of NBS regarding the HWB outcomes compared with non-NBS alternatives. This lack of robust primary knowledge, covering all four key societal challenges identified, confirms that the knowledge gaps identified by the policy makers persist, and highlights a clear research need for long-term, transdisciplinary studies that focus on comparisons between NBS and non-NBS alternatives