Surviving Volcanic Environments-Interaction of Soil Mineral Content and Plant Element Composition
Surviving Volcanic Environments-Interaction of Soil Mineral Content and Plant Element Composition
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DOI：
10.3389/fenvs.2018.00052
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发表时间：
2018-06-13
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Bloe, Elke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baillie, Christin-Kirsty;Kaufholdt, David;Bloe, Elke
对邻近的两个风沙岛上的不同植物种类进行了调查，其中一个有富马酚活性(Vulcano)，另一个没有富马酚活性(Lipari)。在Vulcano，环境空气中SO2/H2S浓度的升高表明植物需要通过解毒策略来适应有害的硫浓度。目前的研究集中在评估植物叶片的元素组成与土壤矿物质含量的关系。与Lipari相比，火山土壤的特点是所有三个采样点的pH值都明显较低，以及火山活动导致的硫磺和植物有效硫酸盐含量非常高。相比之下，除了火山上所有三个采样点的砷都有所增加外，两个岛屿之间土壤中的微量元素组成并没有总体上的差异。两岛间叶片元素积累量不同。与Lipari相比，供试物种在Vulcano上对多种元素(Al、B、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Ni和Zn)的积累显著高于Lipari，但不包括Ca和Mo。岛与岛之间叶片中元素积累的差异可能是由于火山上土壤pH较低造成的。在Vulcano上，所有供试树种的硫素积累量都很高，但干物质含量较高的木本植物的硫积累量低于干物质含量较低的草本植物。这导致植株含硫量与干物质含量呈显著负相关。这些结果表明，干物质含量较高的树种对极端硫积累具有更有效的保护作用。应对土壤中其他潜在有毒元素的策略从排除到过度积累。叶元素含量的系统聚类分析表明，两类之间存在明显的分离：第一类是草本多年生植物，是较强的累积物；第二类是木本多年生植物，如灌木或乔木，是较弱的累积物，原始物种Fumaria capreolata代表外部类群。
Different plant species were investigated from two Aeolian Islands located in close vicinity, one with fumarolic activity (Vulcano) and one without (Lipari). On Vulcano, elevated concentrations of SO2/H2S determined in ambient air indicated the need of plants to adapt to harmful sulphur concentrations by detoxification strategies. The current study was focused on evaluating the element composition of plant leaves in relation to soil mineral contents. The soil of Volcano was characterised by a significantly lower pH on all three sampling sites as well as very high amounts of sulphur and plant available sulphate due to volcanic activities, compared to Lipari. By contrast, a general difference in the composition of trace elements in the soil was not observed between the islands, apart from arsenic, which was increased at all three sampling sites on Vulcano. Element accumulation in the leaves differed between the two islands. The tested species showed a significant higher accumulation of numerous elements (Al, B, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Zn) on Vulcano compared to Lipari, while excluding Ca and Mo. These differences in element accumulation in the leaves between the islands may be caused by the lower soil pH on Vulcano. Extreme sulphur accumulation was found for all tested species on Vulcano, but was lower in woody species with higher dry matter content compared to herbaceous species with lower dry matter content. This caused a significantly negative correlation between plant sulphur and dry matter content. From these results, it is concluded that species with higher dry matter contents possess a more effective protection against extreme sulphur accumulation. Strategies to cope with other potentially toxic elements in the soil ranged from exclusion to hyper-accumulation. Hierarchical cluster analyses of the leaf element content revealed a clear separation between two groups: First, herbaceous perennial plants as strong accumulators: and second, woody perennial plants such as shrubs or trees as less strong accumulators, with the primordial species Fumaria capreolata representing an outside group.