Degradation of diclofenac, trimethoprim, carbamazepine, and sulfamethoxazole by laccase from Trametes versicolor: Transformation products and toxicity of treated effluent
Degradation of diclofenac, trimethoprim, carbamazepine, and sulfamethoxazole by laccase from Trametes versicolor: Transformation products and toxicity of treated effluent
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DOI：
10.1080/10242422.2019.1580268
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发表时间：
2019-04-09
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Price, William E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alharbi, Sultan K.;Nghiem, Long D.;Price, William E.
研究了漆酶对双氯芬酸（DCF）、甲氧苄啶（TMP）、卡马西平（CBZ）和磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）的降解作用。实验分别使用药物进行，或作为不同初始浓度（各1.25和5 mg/L）的混合物进行。所有处理样品的初始酶活性均在430-460 U-(DMP)/L左右。单独测试的四种选定药物的去除比在相同条件下混合测试时更有效。例如，在单独实验中，5mg DCF/L在8 h内被完全去除，低于其检出限（1 μ g/L），而与其他药物混合给药时则在24 h后。其他三种药物也有类似的趋势，分别用5mg /L的TMP、CBZ和SMX单独或混合测试48小时后，去除率分别为95%对39%、82%对34%和56%对49%。此外，无论是单独处理还是联合处理，在较低初始浓度（各1.25 mg/L）下，混合物对TMP、CBZ和SMX的去除率都低于较高初始浓度（各5 mg/L）下的去除率。在DCF和CBZ分别处理过程中，共鉴定出4种酶转化产物。对于TMP和SMX，在实验条件下未观察到主要的TPs。还评估了每种药物酶处理前后溶液的毒性，并验证了所有处理过的废水样品都是无毒的。
The degradation of diclofenac (DCF), trimethoprim (TMP), carbamazepine (CBZ), and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by laccase from Trametes versicolor was investigated. Experiments were conducted using the pharmaceuticals individually, or as a mixture at different initial concentrations (1.25 and 5 mg/L each). The initial enzymatic activity of all the treated samples was around 430-460 U-(DMP)/L. The removal of the four selected pharmaceuticals tested individually was more effective than when tested in mixtures under the same conditions. For example, 5 mg DCF/L was completely removed to below its detection limit (1 mu g/L) within 8 h in the individual experiment vs. after 24 h when dosed as a mixture with the other pharmaceuticals. A similar trend was visible with other three pharmaceuticals, with 95 vs. 39%, 82 vs. 34% and 56 vs. 49% removal after 48 h with 5 mg/L of TMP, CBZ, and SMX tested individually or as mixtures, respectively. In addition, at the lower initial concentration (1.25 mg/L each), the removal efficiency of TMP, CBZ, and SMX in mixtures was lower than that obtained at the higher initial concentrations (5 mg/L each) during both the individual and combined treatments. Four enzymatic transformation products (TPs) were identified during the individual treatments of DCF and CBZ by T. versicolor. For TMP and SMX, no major TPs were observed under the experimental conditions used. The toxicity of the solution before and after enzymatic treatment of each pharmaceutical was also assessed and all treated effluent samples were verified to be non-toxic.