Variability in oceanographic barriers to coral larval dispersal: Do currents shape biodiversity?
Variability in oceanographic barriers to coral larval dispersal: Do currents shape biodiversity?
复制标题
珊瑚幼虫扩散的海洋障碍的变化：洋流会影响生物多样性吗？
DOI：
10.1016/j.pocean.2018.05.007
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Watson, J.R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thompson, D.M.;Kleypas, J.;Castruccio, F.;Curchitser, E.N.;Pinsky, M.L.;Jönsson, B.;Watson, J.R.
全球海洋生物多样性中心位于热带太平洋西部的“珊瑚三角区”（CT）。这一地区也被认为是所有珊瑚礁地区中最受威胁的地区，因为多种影响，包括气温上升和珊瑚漂白，已经导致CT大部分地区的珊瑚礁珊瑚死亡率很高。幼虫的扩散和招聘发挥了关键作用，在珊瑚礁恢复后，这种干扰，但我们的理解珊瑚礁之间的生殖连接是有限的，缺乏观察。海洋学建模可以提供一种经济有效的方式来增加我们对珊瑚礁连通性的理解，特别是在像CT这样大的区域，海洋生态系统管理已成为优先事项。这项工作结合了每日平均表面电流的速度和方向，从区域海洋建模系统开发的CT区域（CT-ROMS）与拉格朗日粒子跟踪工具（TRACMASS），调查一个典型的广播珊瑚礁之间的幼虫运输的概率。一个47年的历史模拟（1960-2006年）被用来分析潜在的连接，物理驱动程序的幼虫运输，其变化后，每年两次的产卵事件在4月和9月。珊瑚礁之间的潜在连通性每年变化很大，强调需要进行长期模拟。结果表明，虽然在这一地区的珊瑚礁是高度自我播种，相对罕见的长距离扩散事件可能发挥至关重要的作用，在塑造区域模式的珊瑚礁生物多样性和恢复后的干扰。珊瑚“亚群”的空间格局是基于珊瑚礁之间的潜在连通性，与观察到的区域尺度生物多样性格局一致，这表明幼虫扩散的物理障碍是CT区域珊瑚生物多样性的一级驱动因素。这些物理障碍持续到21世纪世纪，当该模型被迫与社区地球系统模型（CESM）RCP 8.5气候情景，尽管一些区域的珊瑚礁之间的连接变化。
The global center of marine biodiversity is located in the western tropical Pacific in a region known as the “Coral Triangle” (CT). This region is also considered the most threatened of all coral reef regions, because multiple impacts, including rising temperatures and coral bleaching, have already caused high mortality of reef corals over large portions of the CT. Larval dispersal and recruitment play a critical role in reef recovery after such disturbances, but our understanding of reproductive connectivity between reefs is limited by a paucity of observations. Oceanographic modeling can provide an economical and efficient way to augment our understanding of reef connectivity, particularly over an area as large as the CT, where marine ecosystem management has become a priority. This work combines daily averaged surface current velocity and direction from a Regional Ocean Modeling System developed for the CT region (CT-ROMS) with a Lagrangian particle tracking tool (TRACMASS) to investigate the probability of larval transport between reefs for a typical broadcasting coral. A 47-year historical simulation (1960–2006) was used to analyze thepotential connectivity, the physical drivers of larval transport, and its variability following bi-annual spawning events in April and September. Potential connectivity between reefs was highly variable from year to year, emphasizing the need for long simulations. The results suggest that although reefs in this region are highly self-seeded, comparatively rare long-distance dispersal events may play a vital role in shaping regional patterns of reef biodiversity and recovery following disturbance. The spatial pattern of coral “subpopulations,” which are based on the potential connectivity between reefs, agrees with observed regional-scale patterns of biodiversity, suggesting that the physical barriers to larval dispersal are a first-order driver of coral biodiversity in the CT region. These physical barriers persist through the 21st Century when the model is forced with the Community Earth System Model (CESM) RCP8.5 climate scenario, despite some regional changes in connectivity between reefs.
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