ASTROCYTIC GABA RECEPTORS
ASTROCYTIC GABA RECEPTORS
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DOI：
10.1002/glia.440110203
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发表时间：
1994-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
MACVICAR, BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FRASER, DD;MUDRICKDONNON, LA;MACVICAR, BA
GABA受体广泛分布在中枢神经系统的各种细胞类型上。越来越清楚的是，星形胶质细胞在细胞培养物和组织切片中表达丰富的GABA（A）受体。在星形胶质细胞中，GABA激活由巴比妥类和苯二氮卓类调节的Cl-特异性通道;然而，神经元反向激动剂甲基-4-乙基-6，7-二甲氧基-β-咔啉-3-羧酸酯增强了星形胶质细胞亚群中的电流。因此，星形胶质细胞GABA（A）受体的性质与其神经元受体非常相似，只有少数药理学例外。在垂体中间部的星形胶质细胞中，从神经元末梢释放的GABA直接激活突触后电位。星形胶质细胞GABA（A）受体激活的生理意义尚不清楚，但它可能参与细胞外离子稳态和pH调节。目前，星形胶质细胞上存在GABA（B）受体的证据少得多。然而，已经出现的数据表明，该受体对第二信使的调节起着重要作用。(C)1994 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
GABA receptors are distributed widely throughout the central nervous system on a variety of cell types. It has become increasingly clear that astrocytes, both in cell culture and tissue slices, express abundant GABA(A) receptors. In astrocytes, GABA activates Cl--specific channels that are modulated by barbiturates and benzodiazepines; however, the neuronal inverse agonist methyl-4-ethyl-6, 7-dimethoxy-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate enhances the current in a subpopulation of astrocytes. The properties of astrocytic GABA(A) receptors, therefore, are remarkably similar to their neuronal counterparts, with only a few pharmacological exceptions. In stellate glial cells of the pituitary pars intermedia, GABA released from neuronal terminals activates postsynaptic potentials directly. The physiological significance of astrocytic GABA(A)-receptor activation remains unknown, but it may be involved in extracellular ion homeostasis and pH regulation. At present, there is considerably less evidence for the presence of GABA(B) receptors on astrocytes. The data that have emerged, however, indicate a prominent role for second-messenger regulation by this receptor. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.