ULTRASTRUCTURAL HISTOPATHOLOGY OF HUMAN OLFACTORY DYSFUNCTION
ULTRASTRUCTURAL HISTOPATHOLOGY OF HUMAN OLFACTORY DYSFUNCTION
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DOI：
10.1002/jemt.1070230202
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发表时间：
1992-10-15
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
ROWLEY, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MORAN, DT;JAFEK, BW;ROWLEY, JC
本文报告了几类嗅觉障碍患者嗅粘膜活检的电镜观察结果：1）头部外伤后嗅觉功能丧失的患者（创伤后嗅觉缺失或嗅觉减退）; 2）重度头部感冒和/或鼻窦感染后嗅觉功能丧失的患者（病毒后嗅觉功能障碍，或PVOD）;和3）自出生以来就缺乏嗅觉功能的患者（先天性嗅觉丧失）。其中，创伤性嗅觉缺失者的嗅上皮组织结构紊乱，支持细胞、纤毛嗅感受器神经元、微绒毛细胞和基底细胞的有序排列被破坏。虽然许多纤毛嗅觉受体的胞体存在，很少的树突到达上皮表面。少数嗅泡通常缺乏嗅纤毛。病毒感染后嗅觉缺失者的完整纤毛嗅觉受体神经元数量也大大减少，而且大多数都是无纤毛的。病毒感染后的嗅觉减退有一个完整的，纤毛的嗅觉受体细胞更大的人口。在研究的7例先天性嗅觉丧失患者中，没有获得嗅上皮活检，表明这些患者的嗅上皮要么缺失，要么面积大大减少。
This paper presents electron-microscopic observations on biopsies of the olfactory mucosae of several classes of patients with smell disorders: 1) patients with loss of smell function following head injury (post-traumatic anosmics or hyposmics); 2) patients with loss of smell function following severe head colds and/or sinus infections (post-viral olfactory dysfunction, or PVOD); and 3) patients that have lacked smell function since birth (congenital anosmics). Of these, the traumatic anosmics' olfactory epithelia were quite disorganized; the orderly arrangement of supporting cells, ciliated olfactory receptor neurons, microvillar cells, and basal cells was disrupted. Although many somata of ciliated olfactory receptors were present, few of their dendrites reached the epithelial surface. The few olfactory vesicles present usually lacked olfactory cilia. The post-viral anosmics, too, had a greatly reduced number of intact ciliated olfactory receptor neurons, and most of those present were aciliate. The post-viral hyposmics had a larger population of intact, ciliated olfactory receptor cells. In the seven cases of congenital anosmia studied, no biopsies of olfactory epithelium were obtained, indicating the olfactory epithelium is either absent-or greatly reduced in area-in these indiViduals.