Parental employment during early childhood and overweight at 7-years: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.
Parental employment during early childhood and overweight at 7-years: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40608-015-0065-1
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Law C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hope S;Pearce A;Whitehead M;Law C
父母双方（或单亲一方）都有工作的家庭越来越多，这可能影响到家庭为子女提供健康生活方式的能力。一些研究将母亲的工作与儿童超重联系起来，但没有将父亲的工作与儿童超重联系起来，尽管大多数研究都是横向的，或者是短期的。我们调查了父母从婴儿期开始工作与7岁儿童超重之间的关系。我们通过强度（工作时间）区分就业，并检查了母亲和父亲累积就业与儿童超重的相互调整关联。在英国千禧年队列研究（MCS）中，父母在9个月、3岁、5岁和7岁时的就业数据被用于创建母亲、父亲和家庭就业的累积测量。7岁时儿童超重（包括肥胖）的风险比（RR）和95%置信区间（CI）根据就业情况、调整潜在混杂因素前后进行估计。与自婴儿期起家庭内连续无就业相比，父母中任何一方的就业都与儿童超重风险较低相关（例如，一次就业调查，调整后RR: 0.71[0.56-0.90]）。然而，母亲全职工作时间延长与风险升高相关（全职工作四次与从未进行过筛查，调整后RR: 1.46[1.20-1.78]）。与父亲全职工作没有同等的联系。当仅限于夫妻家庭，并调整父母双方的累积全职工作和混杂因素时，与母亲持续全职工作相关的7岁超重风险并未减弱（调整后的RR: 1.71[1.38-2.11]），与父亲就业的关联仍然不显著。生活在没有工作的家庭或父母双方都是全职工作的家庭的儿童超重的风险增加。这些发现可能意味着需要改变，使父母能够在面临更广泛的肥胖影响时为孩子保持健康的生活方式。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1186/s40608-015-0065-1）包含补充材料，仅供授权用户使用。
There are increasing numbers of families with both parents (or a lone parent) employed, which may impact on the ability of families to support healthy lifestyles for their children. Some studies have linked maternal, but not paternal, employment with childhood overweight, although most have been cross-sectional or reported over short periods. We investigated the relationship between parental employment since infancy and overweight in children at 7-years. We differentiated employment by intensity (hours worked), and examined mutually adjusted associations of cumulative maternal and paternal employment with childhood overweight. Data on parental employment at 9 months, 3, 5 and 7-years were used to create cumulative measures of maternal, paternal and family employment in the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS). Risk ratios (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for childhood overweight (including obesity) at age 7 were estimated according to employment, before and after adjustment for potential confounders. Compared to continuous non-employment within the family since infancy, any employment of a parent was associated with lower risks of child overweight (e.g. one survey sweep in employment, adjusted RR: 0.71 [0.56–0.90]). Prolonged maternal full-time employment, however, was associated with elevated risks (four sweeps in full-time employment versus never, adjusted RR: 1.46 [1.20–1.78]). There was no equivalent association with paternal full-time employment. When limited to couple families, and adjusting for cumulative full-time employment of both parents and confounders, the risk of overweight at 7-years associated with continuous maternal full-time employment was not attenuated (adjusted RR: 1.71 [1.38–2.11]), and the association with paternal employment remained non-significant. Children living in workless households or where two parents are full-time employed have increased risks of overweight. These findings may imply the need for changes to enable parents to maintain healthy lifestyles for their children in the face of wider obesogenic influences. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40608-015-0065-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.