Field measurement of ventilation rates
Field measurement of ventilation rates
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DOI：
10.1111/ina.12193
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Persily, A. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Persily, A. K.
通风率对建筑能源使用和室内污染物浓度有重大影响，使其成为建筑性能的关键参数。建筑物通风率的测量已有数十年历史，研究人员和其他需要了解建筑物实际通风率的人可以使用成熟的测量方法。尽管通风率对于解释室内浓度测量值至关重要，但令人不安的是，很少有室内空气质量现场研究测量通风率或以其他方式描述研究建筑的通风设计。本文总结了表征建筑通风的相关参数、量化这些参数的可用方法，以及将这些方法应用于不同类型的建筑和通风系统时面临的挑战。这些参数包括整个建筑物的换气率、系统室外空气吸入率和建筑物渗透率。回顾了示踪气体方法以及使用管道穿越等系统气流速率测量。描述了过去 75 年进行的几项通风率现场研究，以强调所采用的方法和获得的结果。
Ventilation rates have significant impacts on building energy use and indoor contaminant concentrations, making them key parameters in building performance. Ventilation rates have been measured in buildings for many decades, and there are mature measurement approaches available to researchers and others who need to know actual ventilation rates in buildings. Despite the fact that ventilation rates are critical in interpreting indoor concentration measurements, it is disconcerting how few Indoor Air Quality field studies measure ventilation rates or otherwise characterize the ventilation design of the study building(s). This paper summarizes parameters of interest in characterizing building ventilation, available methods for quantifying these parameters, and challenges in applying these methods to different types of buildings and ventilation systems. These parameters include whole-building air change rates, system outdoor air intake rates, and building infiltration rates. Tracer gas methods are reviewed as well as system airflow rate measurements using, for example, duct traverses. Several field studies of ventilation rates conducted over the past 75 years are described to highlight the approaches employed and the findings obtained.