Diversification of the Genus Anopheles and a Neotropical Clade from the Late Cretaceous.
Diversification of the Genus Anopheles and a Neotropical Clade from the Late Cretaceous.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0134462
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Schrago CG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freitas LA;Russo CA;Voloch CM;Mutaquiha OC;Marques LP;Schrago CG
按蚊属是蚊科的成员，由大约460个公认的物种组成。该属由7个亚属组成，地理分布多样。尽管其巨大的医学重要性，尚未达成共识的按蚊亚属之间的系统发育关系。我们组装了一个全面的数据集，包括COI，COII和5.8S rRNA基因，并使用最大似然法和贝叶斯推断估计的7个按蚊亚属中的6个的繁殖和分歧时间。我们的分析揭示了一个单系群组成的三个专门的新热带亚属，Stethomyia，Kerteszia和Nyssorhynchus，开始多样化的晚白垩世，在大约90马。按蚊属最后一个共同祖先的推断年龄约为2000年。110毫安支持所有按蚊亚属的单系，虽然我们未能恢复显着水平的统计支持的按蚊属的单系。新热带区分支和按蚊亚属和Cellia亚属的最后共同祖先的年龄被推断为晚白垩世（约1000年）。90 Ma）。我们的分析在统计学上不能支持按蚊属的单系性，因为在Bironella和A.鳞鱼
The Anopheles genus is a member of the Culicidae family and consists of approximately 460 recognized species. The genus is composed of 7 subgenera with diverse geographical distributions. Despite its huge medical importance, a consensus has not been reached on the phylogenetic relationships among Anopheles subgenera. We assembled a comprehensive dataset comprising the COI, COII and 5.8S rRNA genes and used maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference to estimate the phylogeny and divergence times of six out of the seven Anopheles subgenera. Our analysis reveals a monophyletic group composed of the three exclusively Neotropical subgenera, Stethomyia, Kerteszia and Nyssorhynchus, which began to diversify in the Late Cretaceous, at approximately 90 Ma. The inferred age of the last common ancestor of the Anopheles genus was ca. 110 Ma. The monophyly of all Anopheles subgenera was supported, although we failed to recover a significant level of statistical support for the monophyly of the Anopheles genus. The ages of the last common ancestors of the Neotropical clade and the Anopheles and Cellia subgenera were inferred to be at the Late Cretaceous (ca. 90 Ma). Our analysis failed to statistically support the monophyly of the Anopheles genus because of an unresolved polytomy between Bironella and A. squamifemur.