The effect of dust lead control on blood lead in toddlers: A randomized trial
The effect of dust lead control on blood lead in toddlers: A randomized trial
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.103.3.551
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Lioy, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rhoads, GG;Ettinger, AS;Lioy, PJ
背景被污染的家庭灰尘被认为是大多数血铅水平升高的儿童的主要接触源。为了确定积极的灰尘清理工作是否会减少这种暴露，我们进行了一项随机对照现场试验。我们随机抽取113名6 ~ 36个月的城市儿童，其中56名儿童接受铅尘干预，包括母亲教育和每两周一次的家庭清洁援助，57名儿童接受对照组。家庭清洁工作由两名受过培训的外行工人完成，他们的工作重点是湿拖地板、用海绵吸湿墙壁和水平面，以及用高效颗粒积聚真空吸尘器吸尘。干预前后分别测定家庭尘铅水平、儿童血铅水平、母亲对铅中毒及铅暴露源的知晓情况。99名儿童成功随访了12 +/- 3个月：46名儿童在铅组，53名儿童在对照组。基线时两组的年龄和血铅相似，平均年龄分别为20个月和12.0 μ g/dL。干预组的血铅下降了17%，而对照组没有变化。干预组的家庭灰尘和灰尘铅含量也显著下降。在一年中清洁20次或更多次的家庭中，儿童的血铅平均降低了34%。定期打扫家庭，同时进行母亲教育，是一种安全和部分有效的干预措施，应推荐给绝大多数接触铅的儿童，不幸的是，对他们来说，搬迁到铅安全的住房不是一种选择。
Background. Contaminated household dust is believed to be a major source of exposure for most children with elevated blood lead levels. To determine if a vigorous dust clean-up effort would reduce this exposure we conducted a randomized controlled field trial.Methods. We randomized 113 urban children between the ages of 6 and 36 months: 56 children to a lead dust intervention composed of maternal education and biweekly assistance with household cleaning and 57 children to a control group. Household cleaning was done by two trained lay workers who focused their efforts on wet mopping of floors, damp-sponging of walls and horizontal surfaces, and vacuuming with a high-efficiency particle accumulating vacuum. Household dust lead levels, child blood lead levels, and maternal knowledge of lead poisoning and sources of exposure were measured before and after the intervention.Results. Ninety-nine children were successfully followed for 12 +/- 3 months: 46 children in the lead group and 53 children in the control group. Age and blood lead were similar in the two groups at baseline and averaged 20 months and 12.0 mu g/dL, respectively. Blood lead fell 17% in the intervention group and did not change among controls. Household dust and dust lead measures also fell significantly in the intervention group. Children in homes cleaned 20 or more times throughout the year had an average blood lead reduction of 34%.Conclusions. Regular home cleaning, accompanied by maternal education, is a safe and partially effective intervention that should be recommended for the large majority of lead-exposed children for whom, unfortunately, removal to lead-safe housing is not an option.