Deteriorating Water Quality in the Lake Victoria Inner Murchison Bay and its impact on the drinking water supply for Kampala , Uganda
Deteriorating Water Quality in the Lake Victoria Inner Murchison Bay and its impact on the drinking water supply for Kampala , Uganda
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维多利亚湖内默奇森湾水质恶化及其对乌干达坎帕拉饮用水供应的影响
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Oyoo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Oyoo
人口快速增长、工业化和商业活动不断增加，加上坎帕拉市居民卫生服务供应不足，导致废物产生量增加，污染水源。维多利亚湖内默奇森湾（IMB）是其中之一，由于人类活动而受到污染。本文评估了 IMB 的污染水平以及对坎帕拉市饮用水处理厂的影响。多年来，我们对溪流和 IMB 内的水样进行了采样，并使用标准实验室方法进行了分析。水质数据显示，近几十年来海湾水质恶化，作为饮用水供应源的适宜性下降，需要进行复杂的处理。溪流中BOD、COD、TN、TP浓度均高于国家环境管理局推荐的污水排放标准，海湾水质均高于背景水质。由于处理水质较差而增加的化学剂量，水处理成本在过去 10 年增加了四倍。促进有机废物回收的策略将减少海湾的污染负荷。人类排泄物需要分散处理，纳基武博河道地表水也需要处理。处理厂的进水口需要重新分配到具有优质水的外湾，以减少明矾剂量。
The rapid population growth, industrialization and increasing commercial activities coupled with inadequate provision of sanitation services to the residents of Kampala city have resulted in increased generation of waste polluting the water sources. The Lake Victoria Inner Murchison Bay (IMB) is one of the bays, which is getting polluted due to the human activities. This paper assessed the pollution level in the IMB and the consequences on the drinking water treatment plant for Kampala city. Water samples from the streams and within the IMB were sampled over the years and analyzed using standard laboratory methods. The water quality data showed that the water in the bay have deteriorated in the recent decades and, its suitability as drinking water supply source have decreased such that there is need complex treatment. The concentration of BOD, COD, TN and TP in the stream are above the recommended effluent discharge standard by the National Environmental Management Authority and, levels with the bay are above the background water quality. The water treatment cost increased by four folds in the last 10 years due to increased chemical dosage to treat the poor water quality. Strategies promotes recycling of organic waste would reduce the pollution load in the bay. The human excreta treatment need to be decentralized and, the Nakivubo channel surface water treated. The intakes for the treatment plants need to be reallocated to the outer bay with good quality water to reduce alum dose.