Mud volcano field seaward of the Barbados Accretionary Complex: A submersible survey
Mud volcano field seaward of the Barbados Accretionary Complex: A submersible survey
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巴巴多斯增生复合体向海的泥火山场：潜水器调查
DOI：
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Mariotti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
X. Pichon;J. Foucher;J. Boulègue;P. Henry;S. Lallemant;M. Benedetti;F. Avedik;A. Mariotti
我们描述了一个0.55 km2的半圆泥饼和三个相邻的底辟土丘使用潜水Nautile探测13°50′N附近，12公里的巴巴多斯增生复杂的变形锋。以前曾用声学导航深拖侧扫声纳探测过这一底辟区，从而提供了准确的底图。泥饼位于4938米的深度。除了目视观察、水、岩石、沉积物和生物取样外，我们还测量了温度梯度，并对样品进行了地球化学分析。与化能合成动物群落相关的流体排放在所有四个结构上都很普遍，但在泥饼的中央三分之一处最大。泥饼上的化能生命分布显示出同心环带，我们认为这与向中心的排气活动增加有关，热梯度证明了这一点。最近的泥流出现在泥饼的中部。对该构造最简单的解释是，它是一个泥湖，覆盖着一层具有机械抗性的碳酸盐地壳。我们确定，每年大约有106立方米的流体通过泥湖的地壳向上平流。这种大量的流体意味着大规模的横向运输。
We describe a 0.55 km2 semicircular mud pie and three adjacent diapiric mounds explored using the submersible Nautile near 13°50′N, 12 km seaward of the Barbados accretionary complex deformation front. This diapiric field had been previously explored with an acoustically navigated deep-towed side scan sonar, thus providing an accurate base map. The mud pie is situated at a depth of 4938 m. In addition to visual observations, water, rock, sediment, and biological sampling, we measured temperature gradients and made geochemical analyses of the samples. Fluid venting associated with chemosynthetic animal communities is widespread on all four structures but is maximal in the central third of the mud pie. The chemosynthetic life distribution on the mud pie displays a concentric zonation which we relate to an increase in venting activity toward the center, as evidenced by thermal gradients. Recent mud flows are present in the centralmost part of the mud pie. The simplest interpretation of the structure is that it is a mud lake covered by a mechanically resistant carbonate crust. We determine that approximately 106 m3 of fluid are advected upward through the crust of the mud lake every year. This large amount of fluid implies large-scale lateral transport.