Cerebrospinal fluid hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid levels may reflect glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in different neurological diseases
Cerebrospinal fluid hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid levels may reflect glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in different neurological diseases
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DOI：
10.1016/s0304-3940(97)00840-9
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发表时间：
1997-11
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
J. Stover;K. Lowitzsch;O. Kempski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Stover;K. Lowitzsch;O. Kempski
谷氨酸介导的兴奋性毒性与三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的降解和氧自由基的产生有关。次黄嘌呤和乳酸反映能量损伤，而黄嘌呤和尿酸反映自由基产生黄嘌呤氧化酶的活性。对神经科患者脑脊液(CSF)中谷氨酸、次黄嘌呤、乳酸、黄嘌呤和尿酸进行了检测。在多发性硬化症、脊髓病、中风、癫痫和病毒性脑膜炎中，谷氨酸、次黄嘌呤、黄嘌呤和尿酸的含量比对照组增加了2-3倍。乳酸只有在脑膜炎时升高。正常的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平和白蛋白比率与神经化学参数之间没有相关性，排除了细胞溶解和屏障损伤造成的人为增加。在每个患者组中，神经化学参数之间缺乏相关性很可能与保留的神经胶质和神经元摄取机制有关。在反映神经科患者谷氨酸介导的兴奋性毒性方面，脑脊液次黄嘌呤、黄嘌呤和尿酸水平似乎优于乳酸。
Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is associated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) degradation and generation of oxygen radicals. Hypoxanthine and lactate depict energetic impairment, while xanthine and uric acid reflect activity of radical producing xanthine oxidase. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glutamate, hypoxanthine, lactate, xanthine, and uric acid were investigated in neurological patients. In multiple sclerosis, myelopathy, stroke, epilepsy and viral meningitis glutamate, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid are increased 2–3-fold compared to controls. Lactate is only elevated in meningitis. Normal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and absent correlation between the albumin ratio and neurochemical parameters exclude an artificial increase due to cell lysis and barrier damage. Absent correlation between neurochemical parameters within each patient group is most likely related to preserved glial and neuronal uptake mechanisms. CSF hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid levels appear superior to lactate in reflecting glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in neurological patients.