Hypochlorite and visible-light irradiation affect the transformation and toxicity of graphene oxide
Hypochlorite and visible-light irradiation affect the transformation and toxicity of graphene oxide
复制标题
次氯酸盐和可见光照射对氧化石墨烯转化和毒性的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138010
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Li Mu（通讯作者）
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tong Wang;Jingyu Wen;Shuqing Guo;Li Mu（通讯作者）
Graphene oxide (GO) that has many advanced properties, has been applied in various fields, such as water treatments and removal of contaminations. Hypochlorite is widely used in water treatments. However, the effects of hypochlorite on the transformations and risks of GO, and the toxicological responses remain largely unknown, especially under visible-light irradiation. The present work found that visible-light irradiation promoted the breakdown ofsp2structures of GO by hypochlorite, producing alkanes and arenes with short carbon skeletons. Compared to oxygen-containing radicals, chlorine-related radicals contributed to the breakdown of carbon atomic rings of GO. Compared to pristine GO, the transformed GO inhibited algal reproduction, reduced photosynthesis, and promoted oxidative stress and membrane permeability. Substantial plasmolysis and increased numbers of starch grains were observed in the exposure groups. Metabolomics analysis found that oxidative stress and increased membrane permeability linked to downregulated proline. The downregulated pathways of alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism were associated with the inhibition of algal reproduction. The downregulated pathways related to protein synthesis and the secondary metabolism explained the strong toxicity induced by GO with hypochlorite and visible-light irradiation. The above results provide insight into the safety assessment of GO.
