Examples of the Use of Active Transport of Salts and Water to Give Buoyancy in the Sea
Examples of the Use of Active Transport of Salts and Water to Give Buoyancy in the Sea
复制标题
使用盐和水的主动运输来在海洋中提供浮力的示例
DOI：
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发表时间：
1971
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Denton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Denton
(1)为了使自己有浮力，有几个科的鱿鱼和甲壳类动物在它们体内的特殊隔室中积累了大量的NH $^+\_4$离子。它的浓度通常很高，约为0.5 mol/l，而且酸性很强；有时身体重量的三分之二是由这种强氨溶液组成的。讨论了NH $^+\_4$积累的可能机理。(2)利用有室壳浮力的头足类动物曾在海洋中占主导地位，包括鹦鹉螺、菊石和蓝石。三种类型的这样的壳仍然可以在活的Sepia， Spirula和Nautilus中找到。它们在形态上差别很大，但功能都是一样的。在形成的过程中，一个房间里充满了一种与海水等渗的液体，然后这种液体在海洋的静水压力下被泵出。结果表明，气体在盐和水的泵送中不起作用，并说明了我们对泵送过程的了解。
(1) To give themselves buoyancy several families of squid and crustaceans accumulate large amounts of NH $^+\_4$ ions in special compartments within their bodies. This is often in high concentration, approximately 0.5 mol/l, and very acid; sometimes two-thirds of the body weight consists of such strong ammoniacal solutions. Possible mechanisms for the accumulation of NH $^+\_4$ are discussed. (2) Cephalopods using chambered shells for buoyancy once dominated the seas, they included the nautiloids, ammonites and belemnites. Three types of such shells can still be found in living Sepia, Spirula and Nautilus. They differ greatly in morphology but all function in the same way. While being formed a chamber is full of a liquid isosmotic with sea water, later this liquid is pumped out against the hydrostatic pressure of the sea. It is shown that gases play no role in this pumping of salts and water and an account of our knowledge of the processes involved in the pumping is given.