Hidden dangers-prevalence of blood borne pathogens, hepatitis B, C, HIV and syphilis, among blood donors in Sierra Leone in 2016: opportunities for improvement: a retrospective, cross-sectional study.
Hidden dangers-prevalence of blood borne pathogens, hepatitis B, C, HIV and syphilis, among blood donors in Sierra Leone in 2016: opportunities for improvement: a retrospective, cross-sectional study.
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DOI：
10.11604/pamj.2018.30.44.14663
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Edwin AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yambasu EE;Reid A;Owiti P;Manzi M;Murray MJS;Edwin AK
血液传播感染是对西非国家输血安全的严重威胁；然而，血液仍然是患者临床管理中的一种关键治疗产品。塞拉利昂对献血者进行血液传播感染筛查，但尚未实施预防乙肝母婴传播的措施。这项研究旨在描述2016年塞拉利昂献血者中乙肝和丙型肝炎、艾滋病毒和梅毒的总体流行情况，并比较自愿与家庭替代献血者以及城市与农村献血者之间的差异。2016年1月至12月在全国五个血库实验室进行的回顾性横断面研究。对常规收集的项目数据进行分析；对献血者进行快速诊断试验-乙肝表面抗原、丙型肝炎病毒抗体、HIV抗体HIV1和2以及梅毒的TPHA。分析了16807份血液样本，其中80%来自男性；2285份(13.6%)至少对四种病原体中的一种检测呈阳性。总患病率为：乙肝9.7%；丙型肝炎1.0%；艾滋病2.8%；梅毒0.8%。来自农村血库的样本患病率较高，丙型肝炎的差异最明显。自愿献血者的比例为12%。家庭替代捐赠者的乙肝、丙型肝炎和艾滋病毒感染率高于志愿者。在塞拉利昂献血者中发现了血液传播病原体的高度流行，特别是乙肝。这项研究建议，国家应该实施预防乙肝母婴传播的措施，并推动招募更多的志愿者、无偿献血者。
Transmissible blood-borne infections are a serious threat to blood transfusion safety in West African countries; and yet blood remains a key therapeutic product in the clinical management of patients. Sierra Leone screens blood donors for blood-borne infections but has not implemented prevention of mother-to-child transmission for hepatitis B. This study aimed to describe the overall prevalence of hepatitis B and C, HIV and syphilis among blood donors in Sierra Leone in 2016 and to compare the differences between volunteer versus family replacement donors, as well as urban versus rural donors. Retrospective, cross-sectional study from January-December 2016 in five blood bank laboratories across the country. Routinely-collected programme data were analyzed; blood donors were tested with rapid diagnostic tests-HBsAg for HBV, anti-HCV antibody for HCV, antibodies HIV1&2 for HIV and TPHA for syphilis. There were 16807 blood samples analysed, with 80% from males; 2285 (13.6%) tested positive for at least one of the four pathogens. Overall prevalence was: 9.7% hepatitis B; 1.0% hepatitis C; 2.8% HIV; 0.8% syphilis. Prevalence was higher among samples from rural blood banks, the difference most marked for hepatitis C. The proportion of voluntary donors was 12%. Family replacement donors had a higher prevalence of hepatitis B, C and HIV than volunteers. A high prevalence of blood-borne pathogens, particularly hepatitis B, was revealed in Sierra Leone blood donors. The study suggests the country should implement the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B and push to recruit more volunteer, non-remunerated blood donors.