A Drinking Water Crisis in Lake Taihu, China: Linkage to Climatic Variability and Lake Management
A Drinking Water Crisis in Lake Taihu, China: Linkage to Climatic Variability and Lake Management
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DOI：
10.1007/s00267-009-9393-6
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Carmichael, Wayne W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qin, Boqiang;Zhu, Guangwei;Carmichael, Wayne W.
2007年5月下旬，江苏省无锡市发生饮用水危机，产生微囊藻毒素的微囊藻发生大规模水华。在太湖，中国的第三大淡水湖。太湖是该市唯一的供水来源，导致大约200万人至少一周没有饮用水。这次蓝藻水华事件比之前记录的太湖微囊藻水华事件早两个月开始。这要归因于一个异常温暖的春天。在此期间，当时的风向导致水华在水厂进水口附近的海岸线积聚。为了冲刷水华，从附近的长江引水。然而，这一管理行动适得其反，因为它产生了一股水流，将水华输送到进水口，加剧了饮用水污染问题。这种含有微囊藻毒素的水华的严重程度和随之而来的饮用水危机可归因于过度的营养富集化；然而，多年变暖的趋势延长了水华的持续时间并放大了其严重程度，而水管理的意外负面影响使情况变得更加严重。因此，长期管理必须同时考虑控制这些水华的人类和气候因素，以及它们对该湖泊和其他受到富营养化加速威胁的大型湖泊供水的影响。
In late May, 2007, a drinking water crisis took place in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China, following a massive bloom of the toxin producing cyanobacteria Microcystis spp. in Lake Taihu, China's third largest freshwater lake. Taihu was the city's sole water supply, leaving approximately two million people without drinking water for at least a week. This cyanobacterial bloom event began two months earlier than previously documented for Microcystis blooms in Taihu. This was attributed to an unusually warm spring. The prevailing wind direction during this period caused the bloom to accumulate at the shoreline near the intake of the water plant. Water was diverted from the nearby Yangtze River in an effort to flush the lake of the bloom. However, this management action was counterproductive, because it produced a current which transported the bloom into the intake, exacerbating the drinking water contamination problem. The severity of this microcystin toxin containing bloom and the ensuing drinking water crisis were attributable to excessive nutrient enrichment; however, a multi-annual warming trend extended the bloom period and amplified its severity, and this was made worse by unanticipated negative impacts of water management. Long-term management must therefore consider both the human and climatic factors controlling these blooms and their impacts on water supply in this and other large lakes threatened by accelerating eutrophication.