Contextual interference: A response planning account
Contextual interference: A response planning account
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DOI：
10.1080/713755789
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发表时间：
1998-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wright, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Immink, MA;Wright, DL
在被报道的三个实验中的两个实验中，受试者被训练在一个固定的或随机的练习计划中，并被允许自行选择他们用来计划即将到来的动作的时间。根据重建假说（Lee & Magill, 1985），随机练习参与者在习得过程中比他们的闭塞练习参与者参与更多的动作规划过程（即行动计划重建）。据预测，这种重建活动将表现为随机练习对象在为即将到来的反应做准备时使用更多的学习时间。实验1和2的数据支持了这一研究时间预测，同时也揭示了随机练习的典型记忆效果。有趣的是，当随机练习的参与者有足够的时间来计划即将到来的反应时，通常在受阻练习中明显的习得收益并不明显。这些结论得到了实验3的数据的支持，实验3涉及对随机和封锁练习参与者的学习时间的直接操纵。综上所述，这些数据与重构假设的建议是一致的，即在随机实践格式中需要更多的时间来进行试验内规划过程。此外，在高背景干扰和低背景干扰练习条件之间通常观察到的习得差异，至少在一定程度上，可能与随机练习参与者在执行动作时所接受的额外计划过程的完成有关。
In two of the three experiments that are reported subjects were trained in either a blocked or a random practice schedule and allowed to self-select the amount of time they used to plan an upcoming movement. According to the reconstruction hypothesis (Lee & Magill, 1985) random practice participants engage greater movement planning processes (i.e. action plan re-construction) during acquisition than do their blocked practice counterparts. It was predicted that such reconstructive activity would be manifest as greater study time being used by random practice subjects as they readied themselves for an imminent response. Data from Experiments 1 and 2 supported this study time prediction while also revealing the typical retention benefit associated with random practice. Interestingly, the acquisition benefit often apparent with blocked practice was not evident when the random practice participants were given sufficient time to plan the upcoming response. These conclusions were supported by data from Experiment 3 that involved a direct manipulation of the amount of study time afforded random and blocked practice participants. Taken together, these data are consistent with the suggestion from the reconstruction hypothesis that more time is necessary for intra-trial planning processes during random practice formats. Furthermore, acquisition differences that are commonly observed between high and low contextual interference practice conditions may, at least in part, be associated with the completion of the extra planning processes entertained by random practice participants as the movement is being executed.