Seasonal and spatial patterns of "Green tides" (Ulvoid algal blooms) and related water quality parameters in the coastal waters of Washington state, USA
Seasonal and spatial patterns of "Green tides" (Ulvoid algal blooms) and related water quality parameters in the coastal waters of Washington state, USA
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DOI：
10.1515/bot.2003.024
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发表时间：
2003-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Tjoelker, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson, TA;Nelson, AV;Tjoelker, M
富营养化引起的大型藻华可能会影响海洋群落，但人们对东北太平洋地区的这种现象知之甚少。在美国华盛顿州布莱克利岛的 6 个地点对软体生物量和水质参数（营养物、透明度、温度、盐度和氧气浓度）的变化进行了两年的监测。观察到的柱体生物量从 0 到 441 g dw m(-2) 不等。生物量在夏季和秋季达到峰值，并且在水柱氮浓度最高的地点达到最大。潮间带石莼群落以石莼 (Ulva fenestrata Postels et Ruprecht) 为主，而暗石莼 (Ulvaria obscura (Kutzing) Gayral) 则以布莱克利岛 (Blakely Island) 附近的潮下带为主。与这些观察相反，之前的定量研究将玛丽亚描述为罕见或短暂的。对另外 15 个地点的物种组成模式进行了检查。在普吉特海湾的地点也看到了类似的模式，而浒苔属。在胡德运河、威拉帕湾和格雷斯港的地点，U. obscura 更为常见，但不存在。据报道，绿潮和其他大型藻华通常是单一特异性的，而在本研究中，两个或多个物种密切相关，尽管潮汐高度不同。浒苔属和石莼属。已知它们是绿潮的重要组成部分，但人们对石莼的生物学知之甚少。精细地理尺度上生物量的巨大变化表明需要对东北太平洋地区的绿潮现象进行精细监测。
Eutrophication-induced macroalgal blooms can impact marine communities, yet little is known about this phenomenon in the northeastern Pacific region. Changes in ulvoid biomass and water quality parameters (nutrients, transparency, temperature, salinity, and oxygen concentrations) were monitored at 6 sites on Blakely Island, Washington State, USA for two years. Observed ulvoid biomass varied from 0 to 441 g dw m(-2). Biomass peaked in summer and autumn and was greatest at sites with the highest water-column nitrogen concentrations. Intertidal ulvoid communities were dominated by Ulva fenestrata Postels et Ruprecht while Ulvaria obscura (Kutzing) Gayral dominated the subtidal zone near Blakely Island. In contrast with these observations, prior quantitative studies describe Maria as rare or ephemeral. Fifteen additional sites were examined for species composition patterns. Similar patterns were seen at sites in Puget Sound, while Enteromorpha spp. were more common and U. obscura absent at sites in Hood Canal, Willapa Bay, and Grays Harbor. Green tides and other macroalgal blooms are typically reported to be monospecific, while in the present study two or more species are in close association, albeit at different tidal elevations. Enteromorpha spp. and Ulva spp. are known as important components of green tides, but relatively little is known about the biology of Ulvaria. Substantial variation in biomass on a fine geographic scale indicates the need for fine scale monitoring of the green tide phenomenon in the northeastern Pacific region.