Differences in the climatic debts of birds and butterflies at a continental scale
Differences in the climatic debts of birds and butterflies at a continental scale
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DOI：
10.1038/nclimate1347
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Jiguet, Frederic
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Devictor, Vincent;van Swaay, Chris;Jiguet, Frederic
气候变化对许多植物和动物物种的分布有深远的影响（1-3）。然而，不同的分类群体是否以及如何能够在大的空间尺度上跟踪气候变化仍然不清楚。在这里，我们测量和比较了鸟类和蝴蝶群落在欧洲范围内积累的气候债务超过二十年（1990-2008）。我们量化了分布在欧洲的9，490个鸟类和2，130个蝴蝶群落的群落组成对气候变化的响应。我们发现，社区组成的变化是迅速的，但不同的鸟类和蝴蝶，相当于一个37和114公里的鸟类和蝴蝶群落，分别向北移动。我们进一步发现，在同一时期，欧洲的温度北移速度更快，因此鸟类和蝴蝶的气候债务对应于212和135公里的气候滞后。我们的研究结果表明，鸟类和蝴蝶都没有跟上温度的上升和积累不同的气候债务，这些群体在国家和大陆尺度。
Climate changes have profound effects on the distribution of numerous plant and animal species(1-3). However, whether and how different taxonomic groups are able to track climate changes at large spatial scales is still unclear. Here, we measure and compare the climatic debt accumulated by bird and butterfly communities at a European scale over two decades (1990-2008). We quantified the yearly change in community composition in response to climate change for 9,490 bird and 2,130 butterfly communities distributed across Europe(4). We show that changes in community composition are rapid but different between birds and butterflies and equivalent to a 37 and 114 km northward shift in bird and butterfly communities, respectively. We further found that, during the same period, the northward shift in temperature in Europe was even faster, so that the climatic debts of birds and butterflies correspond to a 212 and 135 km lag behind climate. Our results indicate both that birds and butterflies do not keep up with temperature increase and the accumulation of different climatic debts for these groups at national and continental scales.