Hastiness, brain size and predation regime affect the performance of wild guppies in a spatial memory task
Hastiness, brain size and predation regime affect the performance of wild guppies in a spatial memory task
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.02.017
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Rodd, F. Helen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burns, James G.;Rodd, F. Helen
返回或避免特定位置的能力通常对健身相关活动至关重要。我们测试了孔雀鱼，孔雀鱼，从低和高捕食种群在迷宫任务的空间记忆的差异。我们还测量了每条鱼在迷宫中做出决定所用的时间，因为在这种任务中，个体可以在决策的速度和准确性之间进行权衡。因为大脑的大小会影响认知能力，所以我们也测量了大脑的大小。在捕食制度之间，错误的数量或找到奖励的时间没有差异。然而，高捕食孔雀鱼往往需要更长的时间来决定哪个迷宫室进入比低捕食孔雀鱼，因此，低捕食孔雀鱼更愿意作出快速和潜在的不准确的决定，我们称之为“草率”的策略。种群中的个体在匆忙程度上也各不相同，我们发现匆忙的孔雀鱼往往有较小的端脑，这是最负责空间记忆的大脑区域。虽然实验室饲养的鱼的大脑比野生捕获的鱼小，但在捕食制度方面，大脑大小没有差异。这项研究表明，仔细观察动物解决空间问题的策略可能会发现与生态和大脑大小有关的细微差异。(C)2008年，动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
The ability to return to, or avoid, specific locations is often critical to fitness-related activities. We tested for differences in spatial memory of guppies, Poecilia reticulata, from low- and high-predation populations in a maze task. We also measured the time each fish took to make a decision in the maze, because individuals can show a trade-off between the speed and the accuracy of their decisions during this kind of task. Because brain size can affect cognitive performance, we also measured brain size. There were no differences in the number of errors made or time to find the reward between predation regimes. However, high-predation guppies tended to take longer to make the decision about which maze chamber to enter than low- predation guppies; thus, low- predation guppies were more willing to make quick and potentially inaccurate decisions, a strategy we have termed 'hastiness'. Individuals within populations also varied in hastiness and we found that hasty guppies tended to have smaller telencephalons, the brain region most responsible for spatial memory. There was no difference in brain size in relation to predation regime, although lab-reared fish had smaller brains than wild-caught fish. This study shows that the careful observation of an animal's strategy for solving spatial problems may reveal subtle differences that are associated with ecology and brain size. (C) 2008 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.