Finite‐Fault Simulation of Broadband Strong Ground Motion from the 2010 Mw 7.0 Haiti Earthquake
Finite‐Fault Simulation of Broadband Strong Ground Motion from the 2010 Mw 7.0 Haiti Earthquake
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DOI：
10.1785/0120120212
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
G. Mavroeidis;C. M. Scotti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Mavroeidis;C. M. Scotti
摘要 由于海地这个小岛国的社会经济环境，2010年7.0级地震发生时，震源区没有地震记录站运行。强震仪器的缺乏阻碍了对地震事件引起的地面震动的幅度、持续时间和频率内容的估计。在这项研究中，2010 年海地地震附近产生了合成宽带强地面运动。使用与地震观测、地质现场数据和空间大地测量兼容的滑移模型来模拟合成运动的低频分量。使用离散波数表示方法和广义透射和反射系数技术进行计算。高频地面运动分量是使用随机建模方法和特定障碍物模型生成的。随后使用交叉频率为 1 Hz 的匹配滤波将两个独立导出的地面运动分量组合起来，生成太子港市和地震附近其他地点的宽带地面运动时间历史和响应谱。最后，将合成的强地面运动与从美国地质调查局峰值地面加速度震动图、地面运动预测方程和观测到的结构损伤推断出的峰值地面运动估计值进行比较。本研究中生成的合成时程和响应谱应被视为合理但不一定唯一的地面运动，捕捉了 2010 年海地地震的主要特征。
Abstract Because of the socioeconomic environment in the small island nation of Haiti, no seismic recording stations were operating in the source region at the time of the 2010 M w 7.0 earthquake. The lack of strong motion instruments has hindered the estimation of the amplitude, duration, and frequency content of the ground shaking caused by the seismic event. In this study, synthetic broadband strong ground motions are generated in the vicinity of the 2010 Haiti earthquake. The low‐frequency components of the synthetic motions are simulated using a slip model compatible with seismological observations, geologic field data, and space geodetic measurements. The computations are carried out using the discrete wavenumber representation method and the generalized transmission and reflection coefficient technique. The high‐frequency ground‐motion components are generated using the stochastic modeling approach and the specific barrier model. The two independently derived ground‐motion components are subsequently combined using matched filtering at a crossover frequency of 1 Hz to generate broadband ground‐motion time histories and response spectra for the city of Port‐au‐Prince and other sites in the vicinity of the earthquake. Finally, the synthetic strong ground motions are compared against peak ground‐motion estimates inferred from the U.S. Geologic Survey ShakeMap of peak ground accelerations, ground‐motion prediction equations, and observed structural damage. The synthetic time histories and response spectra generated in this study should be seen as plausible, but not necessarily unique, ground motions that capture the primary features of the 2010 Haiti earthquake.