Enhancing interest in science: exemplars as cues to communal affordances of science
Enhancing interest in science: exemplars as cues to communal affordances of science
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DOI：
10.1111/jasp.12392
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Diekman, Amanda B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark, Emily K.;Fuesting, Melissa A.;Diekman, Amanda B.
阻碍学生进入STEM途径的一个因素是，STEM领域负担不起与他人合作或帮助他人的共同目标的刻板印象。我们通过对科学家样本的短暂接触来调查在科学中暗示公共机会的挑战。被描绘为从事公共工作的男性和女性科学家都增加了这样的信念，即科学提供了共同的目标和对科学事业的积极态度(研究1)。在没有直接执行社区活动的情况下，只有当一名女科学家是其性别类别的典范，并且受访者高度以社区为导向时，才会产生社区负担(研究2)。为了改变科学不涉及共同目标的刻板印象，女性和男性科学家都可以强调他们工作中的共同方面。
A deterrent to recruiting students into STEM pathways is the stereotype that STEM fields do not afford communal goals to work with or help others. We investigate the challenges to cueing communal opportunities in science via brief exposure to scientist exemplars. Both male and female scientists depicted as engaged in communal work increased beliefs that science afforded communal goals and positivity toward science careers (Study 1). Without the direct performance of communal activities, communal affordances were cued only when a female scientist was prototypic of her gender category and respondents were highly communally oriented (Study 2). To change stereotypes that science does not involve communal goals, both female and male scientists can highlight communal aspects of their work.