Do changes in neighborhood characteristics lead to changes in travel behavior?: A structural equations modeling approach
Do changes in neighborhood characteristics lead to changes in travel behavior?: A structural equations modeling approach
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DOI：
10.1007/s11116-007-9132-x
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Handy, Susan L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cao, Xinyu;Mokhtarian, Patricia L.;Handy, Susan L.
郊区扩张因其对汽车的依赖而受到广泛批评。大量研究发现，与传统环境中的居民相比，郊区社区的居民开车更多，步行更少。然而，大多数研究仅证实了建筑环境与出行行为之间的关联，尚未确定主要的潜在因果关系：社区设计是否独立影响出行行为，或者对出行选择的偏好是否影响居住选择。也就是说，住宅的自选可能正在发挥作用。最近有一些研究探讨了自我选择的影响。然而，我们对因果关系问题的理解仍然不成熟。为了解决这个问题，本研究通过采用准纵向设计并控制居住偏好和出行态度，考虑了个人的自我选择。特别是，利用目前居住在北加州四个传统社区和四个郊区社区的 547 名搬家者收集的数据，我们开发了一个结构方程模型来研究建筑环境变化、汽车拥有量变化和出行行为变化之间的关系。研究结果令人鼓舞，旨在让居民更接近目的地并为他们提供替代交通选择的土地使用政策实际上会减少开车，增加步行。
Suburban sprawl has been widely criticized for its contribution to auto dependence. Numerous studies have found that residents in suburban neighborhoods drive more and walk less than their counterparts in traditional environments. However, most studies confirm only an association between the built environment and travel behavior, and have yet to establish the predominant underlying causal link: whether neighborhood design independently influences travel behavior or whether preferences for travel options affect residential choice. That is, residential self-selection may be at work. A few studies have recently addressed the influence of self-selection. However, our understanding of the causality issue is still immature. To address this issue, this study took into account individuals' self-selection by employing a quasi-longitudinal design and by controlling for residential preferences and travel attitudes. In particular, using data collected from 547 movers currently living in four traditional neighborhoods and four suburban neighborhoods in Northern California, we developed a structural equations model to investigate the relationships among changes in the built environment, changes in auto ownership, and changes in travel behavior. The results provide some encouragement that land-use policies designed to put residents closer to destinations and provide them with alternative transportation options will actually lead to less driving and more walking.