The Distribution of Henipaviruses in Southeast Asia and Australasia: Is Wallace's Line a Barrier to Nipah Virus?
The Distribution of Henipaviruses in Southeast Asia and Australasia: Is Wallace's Line a Barrier to Nipah Virus?
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0061316
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发表时间：
2013-04-24
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Field, Hume E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Breed, Andrew C.;Meers, Joanne;Field, Hume E.
尼帕病毒（尼帕病毒属）是最近出现的一种人畜共患病毒，可在人类中引起严重疾病，并已在狐蝠属蝙蝠中发现。虽然在澳大利亚尚未发现新冠病毒，但在澳大利亚一些最近邻的翼类蝙蝠中发现了新冠病毒感染的证据。本研究的目的是确定澳大利亚北部果蝠（翼足科）种群中亨尼帕病毒的发生情况。特别是我们测试了尼帕病毒仅限于华莱士线以西的假设。对来自澳大利亚、巴布亚新几内亚、东帝汶和印度尼西亚的果蝠进行了亨德拉病毒（HeV）和尼帕病毒抗体检测，并通过聚合酶链反应检测了亨德拉病毒、尼帕病毒或亨尼帕病毒RNA的存在。已发现证据表明，在东帝汶的吸血翼鼠和长尾翼鼠种群中都存在尼帕病毒。血清学和PCR检测结果还表明，在阿勒螯翼猴和西贝沙猴中存在一种既不是HeV也不是NiV的亨尼帕病毒。结果表明，在华莱士线东侧和澳大利亚500公里范围内的果蝠种群中存在NiV。它们表明在苏拉威西岛和松巴岛的果蝠种群中存在非niv、非hev亨尼帕病毒，可能在巴布亚新几内亚也存在。似乎在吸血弧菌出现的地方，如东帝汶的果蝠种群中存在NiV，但在没有这种蝙蝠物种的地方，如苏拉威西岛和松巴岛，可能存在其他henipvirus。结果表明，在非翼类种的大桡足桡足鼠和塞勒班棘足鼠中存在亨尼帕病毒。这项工作的发现填补了在澳大利亚亨尼帕病毒地理和物种分布知识方面的一些空白，这将有助于规划风险管理和监测活动。
Nipah virus (NiV) (Genus Henipavirus) is a recently emerged zoonotic virus that causes severe disease in humans and has been found in bats of the genus Pteropus. Whilst NiV has not been detected in Australia, evidence for NiV-infection has been found in pteropid bats in some of Australia's closest neighbours. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of henipaviruses in fruit bat (Family Pteropodidae) populations to the north of Australia. In particular we tested the hypothesis that Nipah virus is restricted to west of Wallace's Line. Fruit bats from Australia, Papua New Guinea, East Timor and Indonesia were tested for the presence of antibodies to Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus, and tested for the presence of HeV, NiV or henipavirus RNA by PCR. Evidence was found for the presence of Nipah virus in both Pteropus vampyrus and Rousettus amplexicaudatus populations from East Timor. Serology and PCR also suggested the presence of a henipavirus that was neither HeV nor NiV in Pteropus alecto and Acerodon celebensis. The results demonstrate the presence of NiV in the fruit bat populations on the eastern side of Wallace's Line and within 500 km of Australia. They indicate the presence of non-NiV, non-HeV henipaviruses in fruit bat populations of Sulawesi and Sumba and possibly in Papua New Guinea. It appears that NiV is present where P. vampyrus occurs, such as in the fruit bat populations of Timor, but where this bat species is absent other henipaviruses may be present, as on Sulawesi and Sumba. Evidence was obtained for the presence henipaviruses in the non-Pteropid species R. amplexicaudatus and in A. celebensis. The findings of this work fill some gaps in knowledge in geographical and species distribution of henipaviruses in Australasia which will contribute to planning of risk management and surveillance activities.