Alteration of the Oceanic Lithosphere and Implications for Seafloor Processes
Alteration of the Oceanic Lithosphere and Implications for Seafloor Processes
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DOI：
10.2113/gselements.6.3.173
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Frueh-Green, Gretchen L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bach, Wolfgang;Frueh-Green, Gretchen L.
全球四分之三的岩浆活动和四分之一的损失与控制大洋岩石圈增生和岩石圈从海脊到海沟的老化的构造岩浆和热液过程有关。海水和海洋岩石圈之间的沸石麻粒岩相条件下的热液反应与岩浆和变形过程，但它们在性质上取决于扩展速率。快速扩张的海脊经常喷发，具有叠缩的变质梯度和短命的热液系统。岩浆活动不太强烈、扩张缓慢的海脊通常被正断层切断，使海底超镁铁质岩石暴露出来，并维持着具有独特喷口动物群和流体成分的长期热液系统。
Three-quarters of global magmatism and one-quarter of global loss are associated with tectonomagmatic and hydrothermal processes governing oceanic lithosphere accretion and the aging of the lithosphere from ridge to trench. Hydrothermal reactions between seawater and oceanic lithosphere under zeolite to granulite facies conditions are linked with magmatic and deformation processes, but they differ in nature depending on spreading rates. Fast-spreading ridges with frequent eruptions have telescoped metamorphic gradients and short-lived hydrothermal systems. Less magmatically robust, slow-spreading ridges are commonly cut by normal faults that expose ultramafic rocks on the seafloor and sustain long-lived hydrothermal systems with distinct vent fauna and fluid compositions.