Optically transparent polymethyl methacrylate composites made with glass fibers of varying refractive index
Optically transparent polymethyl methacrylate composites made with glass fibers of varying refractive index
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DOI：
10.1557/jmr.1997.0152
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发表时间：
1997-04
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Seunggu Kang;Hongy Lin;D. Day;J. Stoffer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Seunggu Kang;Hongy Lin;D. Day;J. Stoffer
研究了光学透明聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）复合材料的光学性能和力学性能与BK10玻璃纤维退火温度的关系。采用退火法对玻璃纤维的折射率进行了修正，使其与PMMA的折射率更接近。退火提高了玻璃纤维的折射率，缩小了纤维的折射率分布，但降低了玻璃纤维的机械强度，因此退火后的玻璃纤维增强复合材料的力学性能不如拉（冷）玻璃纤维增强复合材料。17.1 μ m直径的光纤（ri = 1.4907）经350℃~ 500℃退火1 h和0.5 h后，折射率分别提高到1.4918和1.4948。经过400℃/1 h退火处理的玻璃纤维的折射率与PMMA在589.3 nm和25℃下的折射率最匹配，因此玻璃纤维增强的复合材料具有最高的透光性。由于退火玻璃纤维的折射率比未退火玻璃纤维更均匀，因此用退火玻璃纤维制成的复合材料具有更高的透光率。退火后纤维/PMMA复合材料的机械强度随纤维退火温度的升高而降低。在450°C/1 h退火后，含纤维的复合材料的抗拉强度比含拉伸纤维的复合材料低26%，但比未增强PMMA的复合材料高73%。用HF处理退火纤维可以避免这种下降。用退火和HF （10 vol. %）处理（30 s）玻璃纤维制成的复合材料的抗拉强度（~ 200mpa）与用拉伸纤维制成的复合材料相当。然而，随着HF处理时间的增加，复合材料的抗拉强度下降，这是由于玻璃纤维直径的显著减小，减少了复合材料中纤维的体积百分比。
The dependence of the optical and mechanical properties of optically transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composites on the annealing temperature of BK10 glass fibers was investigated. Annealing was used to modify the refractive index (R.I.) of the glass fiber so that it would more closely match that of PMMA. Annealing increased the refractive index of the fibers and narrowed the distribution of refractive index of the fibers, but lowered their mechanical strength so the mechanical properties of composites reinforced with annealed fibers were not as good as for composites containing as-pulled (chilled) glass fibers. The refractive index of as-pulled 17.1 μ m diameter fibers (R.I. = 1.4907) increased to 1.4918 and 1.4948 after annealing at 350 °C to 500 °C for 1 h or 0.5 h, respectively. The refractive index of glass fibers annealed at 400 °C/1 h best matched that of PMMA at 589.3 nm and 25 °C, so the composite reinforced with those fibers had the highest optical transmission. Because annealed glass fibers had a more uniform refractive index than unannealed fibers, the composites made with annealed fibers had a higher optical transmission. The mechanical strength of annealed fiber/PMMA composites decreased as the fiber annealing temperature increased. A composite containing fibers annealed at 450 °C/1 h had a tensile strength 26% lower than that of a composite made with as-pulled fibers, but 73% higher than that for unreinforced PMMA. This decrease was avoided by treating annealed fibers with HF. Composites made with annealed and HF (10 vol. %)-treated (for 30 s) glass fibers had a tensile strength (~200 MPa) equivalent to that of the composites made with as-pulled fibers. However, as the treatment time in HF increased, the tensile strength of the composites decreased because of a significant reduction in diameter of the glass fiber which reduced the volume percent fiber in the composite.