Human exposure to mercury due to small scale gold mining in northern Tanzania
Human exposure to mercury due to small scale gold mining in northern Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00548-9
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发表时间：
2000-10-02
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
van Straaten, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
van Straaten, P
在坦桑尼亚北部，大量小规模矿工在提金过程中使用汞，造成环境污染和对人类健康的威胁。通过人类头发和尿液调查，评估了小型惊吓金矿营地及其周围人群的汞暴露情况。我们还测定了这些营地附近水体中鱼类的汞浓度。三个社区的尿汞检测显示，36%的使用汞齐的黄金矿工超过了世卫组织规定的50微克汞/克肌酐的指导浓度。对渔民和农民进行的头发调查数据证实，目前维多利亚湖南端附近的食鱼种群汞暴露风险较低。鱼的浓度很低，食鱼人群90%的毛发样本低于2微克/克总汞。在维多利亚湖南岸捕捞的鱼类和黄金加工厂排放的河流中汞浓度最高的是肺鱼(Protopterus Athiiopicus)，最低汞浓度的是罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus和Tilapia zilii)。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
In northern Tanzania large numbers of small scale miners use mercury in the gold extraction process causing contamination of the environment and risks to human health. Human exposure to Hg was assessed in populations in and around small scare gold mining camps by means of human hair and urine surveys. We also determined Hg concentration in fish in aquatic bodies close to these camps. Urinary Hg testing in three communities showed that 36% of the gold miners working with amalgam exceeded the WHO guideline concentration of 50 mu g Hg/g creatinine. Data from a hair survey of fishermen and farmers confirm that at present, the fish-eating population close to the southern tip of Lake Victoria is at low risk with regard to Hg exposure. Concentrations in fish were low and > 90% of the hair samples from the fish-eating population were below 2 mu g/g T-Hg. Highest Hg concentrations in fish caught along the southern shores of Lake Victoria and in rivers draining from gold processing sites were detected in lungfish species (Protopterus aethiopicus), and lowest Hg concentrations in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus and Tilapia zilii). (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.