Multiple paths to the same destination: influence of gene flow on convergent evolution
Multiple paths to the same destination: influence of gene flow on convergent evolution
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通向同一目的地的多条路径：基因流对趋同进化的影响
DOI：
10.1111/mec.15896
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Kitano Jun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamasaki Yo Y.;Kitano Jun
阐明趋同进化的遗传机制，即在遗传上独立的谱系中相似或相同表型的进化，有助于预测种群将如何对相同的选择压力作出反应。趋同进化可能是由相同的后代等位基因的固定、同一基因的独立突变或控制同一性状的不同基因的突变引起的。在来自其他种群的适应性等位基因流入有限的孤立种群中，血统相同等位基因的固定在多大程度上导致趋同进化？在本期《分子生态学》的封面文章中，Kemppainen等人（2021）比较了来自北方欧洲的三个孤立的九棘鱼淡水种群（Pungitius pungitius）骨盆结构减少的遗传基础。作者利用数量性状基因座（QTL）作图揭示了这三个群体的骨盆缩小是由不同遗传基因座的突变引起的。与三棘鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus）的研究相反，独立衍生的Pitx 1突变被证明是多个淡水种群中的板减少的原因，Kemppainen等人（2021）发现Pitx 1是仅一个P.pungitius种群的候选致病基因。这项研究强调了趋同进化的遗传学研究的重要性，不仅在基因流的存在下，而且在它的情况下，更好地了解趋同进化的遗传结构。
Elucidation of the genetic mechanisms of convergent evolution, the evolution of similar or the same phenotypes in phylogenetically independent lineages, helps predict how populations will respond to the same selective pressures. Convergent evolution can be caused by either the fixation of identical‐by‐descent alleles, independent mutations at the same gene, or mutations in different genes controlling the same trait. To what extent does the fixation of identical‐by‐descent alleles lead to convergent evolution in isolated populations where inflow of adaptive alleles from other populations is limited? In aFrom the Coverarticle in this issue ofMolecular Ecology, Kemppainen et al. (2021) compared the genetic basis for the reduction of pelvic structures in three isolated freshwater populations of nine‐spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) from Northern Europe. The authors used quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping to reveal that the pelvic reduction in these three populations was caused by mutations at different genetic loci. In contrast to studies in three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), where independently derivedPitx1mutations were shown to be responsible for plate reduction across multiple freshwater populations, Kemppainen et al. (2021) foundPitx1to be the candidate causative gene for only one population ofP.pungitius. This study highlights the importance of genetic studies of convergent evolution, not only in the presence of gene flow but also in its absence for a better understanding of the genetic architecture of convergent evolution.