Nature-Based Solution to Eliminate Cyanotoxins in Water Using Biologically Enhanced Biochar.
Nature-Based Solution to Eliminate Cyanotoxins in Water Using Biologically Enhanced Biochar.
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使用生物增强型生物炭消除水中氰基毒素的自然解决方案。
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.3c05298
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发表时间：
2023-10-31
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Edwards, Christine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore, Jane;Jayakumar, Anjali;Soldatou, Sylvia;Masek, Ondrej;Lawton, Linda A.;Edwards, Christine
气候变化和淡水资源的高度富营养化正在增加饮用水供应中有毒蓝藻水华的发生和强度。传统的水处理努力消除蓝藻/蓝藻毒素，需要昂贵的三级处理。为了解决这个问题，我们设计了一个可持续的，基于自然的解决方案，使用从废弃椰子壳中提取的生物炭。这种生物炭为固定微生物群落提供了低成本的多孔载体，形成生物增强型生物炭（BEB）。高毒性微囊藻毒素-LR（MC-LR）是用来影响微生物定植的生物炭的天然湖水微生物。超过11个月，BEB暴露于微囊藻毒素，蓝藻提取物和活蓝藻细胞，总是导致毒素的快速消除，甚至蓝藻细胞数量减少1.6-1.9个对数。在与我们的BEB孵育48小时后，MC-LR浓度降至低于0.1 ng/mL的检测限。蓝藻毒素的加速降解归因于物种多样性的增强和微囊藻毒素降解微生物的定殖生物炭。为了确保可扩展性，我们评估了通过批量规模和连续规模热解生产的BEB，同时通过将生物炭中的有毒杂质保持在可接受的范围内并监测降解副产物来保证安全性。这项研究是一个可持续的，可扩展的，安全的基于自然的解决方案的概念验证，用于对抗有毒藻华。生物强化生物炭是一种可持续且具有成本效益的解决方案，可用于去除受污染饮用水中的微囊藻毒素。
Climate change and high eutrophication levels of freshwater sources are increasing the occurrence and intensity of toxic cyanobacterial blooms in drinking water supplies. Conventional water treatment struggles to eliminate cyanobacteria/cyanotoxins, and expensive tertiary treatments are needed. To address this, we have designed a sustainable, nature-based solution using biochar derived from waste coconut shells. This biochar provides a low-cost porous support for immobilizing microbial communities, forming biologically enhanced biochar (BEB). Highly toxic microcystin-LR (MC-LR) was used to influence microbial colonization of the biochar by the natural lake-water microbiome. Over 11 months, BEBs were exposed to microcystins, cyanobacterial extracts, and live cyanobacterial cells, always resulting in rapid elimination of toxins and even a 1.6–1.9 log reduction in cyanobacterial cell numbers. After 48 h of incubation with our BEBs, the MC-LR concentrations dropped below the detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL. The accelerated degradation of cyanotoxins was attributed to enhanced species diversity and microcystin-degrading microbes colonizing the biochar. To ensure scalability, we evaluated BEBs produced through batch-scale and continuous-scale pyrolysis, while also guaranteeing safety by maintaining toxic impurities in biochar within acceptable limits and monitoring degradation byproducts. This study serves as a proof-of-concept for a sustainable, scalable, and safe nature-based solution for combating toxic algal blooms. Biologically enhanced biochar, a sustainable and cost-effective solution for the removal of microcystins from contaminated drinking water.
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