Magnetococcus marinus gen. nov., sp nov., a marine, magnetotactic bacterium that represents a novel lineage (Magnetococcaceae fam. nov., Magnetococcales ord. nov.) at the base of the Alphaproteobacteria
Magnetococcus marinus gen. nov., sp nov., a marine, magnetotactic bacterium that represents a novel lineage (Magnetococcaceae fam. nov., Magnetococcales ord. nov.) at the base of the Alphaproteobacteria
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DOI：
10.1099/ijs.0.038927-0
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Beveridge, Terrence J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bazylinski, Dennis A.;Williams, Timothy J.;Beveridge, Terrence J.
趋磁细菌是形态、代谢和系统发育上不同的一组细菌，它们具有生物矿化膜包裹的单磁域矿物晶体（磁小体）的能力，使细胞沿着地球的地磁场定向。最常见的趋磁细菌类型是无处不在的趋磁球菌，它们包含自己的系统发育群。菌株MC-1(T)是该组的一员，是从美国罗德岛州Pettaquamscutt河口的氧化缺氧界面收集的水中分离出来的，并在无菌培养中培养。 MC-1(T)菌株的细胞大致呈球形，在单极处有两束带鞘的鞭毛（双毛）。菌株 MC-1(T) 使用极趋磁性，每个细胞具有单链磁铁矿晶体。细胞以硫代硫酸盐或硫化物作为电子供体进行化学自养生长，并以乙酸盐进行化学有机异养生长。在自养生长过程中，菌株 MC-1(T) 依靠还原三羧酸循环来固定 CO2。 DNA G+C含量为54.2mol%。新属和新种海磁球菌属。十一月，SP。十一月建议适应菌株 MC-1(T) (=ATCC BAA-1437(T) =JCM 17883(T))，该菌株被指定为海磁球菌的模式菌株。提出了一个新的目（Magnetococcales ord. nov.）和科（Magnetococcaceae fam. nov.）来接收磁球菌和相关的趋磁球菌，这些球菌暂时包含在 Alphaproteobacteria 中，作为该类中已知的最基本的谱系。
Magnetotactic bacteria are a morphologically, metabolically and phylogenetically disparate array of bacteria united by the ability to biomineralize membrane-encased, single-magnetic-domain mineral crystals (magnetosomes) that cause the cell to orientate along the Earth's geomagnetic field. The most commonly observed type of magnetotactic bacteria is the ubiquitous magnetotactic cocci, which comprise their own phylogenetic group. Strain MC-1(T), a member of this group, was isolated from water collected from the oxic anoxic interface of the Pettaquamscutt Estuary in Rhode Island, USA, and cultivated in axenic culture. Cells of strain MC-1(T) are roughly spherical, with two sheathed bundles of flagella at a single pole (bilophotrichous). Strain MC-1(T) uses polar magnetotaxis, and has a single chain of magnetite crystals per cell. Cells grow chemolithoautotrophically with thiosulfate or sulfide as the electron donors, and chemo-organoheterotrophically on acetate. During autotrophic growth, strain MC-1(T) relies on the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle for CO2 fixation. The DNA G+C content is 54.2 mol%. The new genus and species Magnetococcus marinus gen. nov., sp. nov. are proposed to accommodate strain MC-1(T) (=ATCC BAA-1437(T) =JCM 17883(T)), which is nominated as the type strain of Magnetococcus marinus. A new order (Magnetococcales ord. nov.) and family (Magnetococcaceae fam. nov.) are proposed for the reception of Magnetococcus and related magnetotactic cocci, which are provisionally included in the Alphaproteobacteria as the most basal known lineage of this class.