Politics of Co-Optation: Community Forest Management Versus Joint Forest Management in Orissa, India
Politics of Co-Optation: Community Forest Management Versus Joint Forest Management in Orissa, India
复制标题
共同选择的政治：印度奥里萨邦的社区森林管理与联合森林管理
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
F. Berkes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Nayak;F. Berkes
本文认为，在印度奥里萨邦的一个地区，一个五十年的自组织社区森林管理系统的联合森林管理（JFM）的形式引入政府共同管理政策的影响。我们提出了一个以前似乎没有研究过的问题：当JFM取代现有的社区森林管理安排时会发生什么？JFM安排与自组织社区森林管理制度的比较（2002年前后的调查）得出了三个结论：（1）随着村民所拥有的共同权利受到侵蚀，村民参与森林管理的水平沿着下降;（2）村庄与外部机构的多重制度联系，放弃了与邻近村庄的互惠关系，转而与林业部门建立密切关系;（3）森林资源管理政治化。我们的结论是，“一刀切”的JFM的方法，其预先包装的目标和森林管理的范围狭窄，很可能会限制实验，学习和制度创新的特点，社区森林管理。
The article considers the impact of introducing government co-management policy in the form of Joint Forest Management (JFM) in an area with a five-decade-old self-organized community forest management system in Orissa, India. We ask a question that appears not to have been previously examined: What happens when JFM replaces an already existing community forest management arrangement? Our comparison of the JFM arrangement with the self-organized community forest management regime (pre- and post-2002 in a selected village) provides three conclusions: (1) The level of villager participation in forest management has declined, along with the erosion of the bundle of common rights held by them; (2) multiple institutional linkages between the village and outside agencies, and reciprocal relations with neighboring villages have been abandoned in favor of a close relationship with the Forestry Department; and (3) the administration of the forestry resource has become politicized. We conclude that the “one-size-fits-all” approach of the JFM, with its pre-packaged objectives and its narrow scope of forest management, is likely to limit experimentation, learning, and institutional innovation that characterizes community forest management.