Flynn effect and its reversal are both environmentally caused
Flynn effect and its reversal are both environmentally caused
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1718793115
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发表时间：
2018-06-26
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Rogeberg, Ole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bratsberg, Bernt;Rogeberg, Ole
整个20世纪，人口智力水平都在上升，这一现象被称为弗林效应，尽管近年来在一些国家，这一趋势有所减缓或逆转。为了区分大的一组建议的解释，我们分类假设的因果因素，他们是否适应家庭内弗林效应的存在。使用行政登记数据和认知能力得分从军事征兵数据涵盖三十年的挪威出生队列（1962-1991），我们表明，所观察到的弗林效应，其转折点，以及随后的下降都可以完全恢复家庭内的变化。该分析控制了兄弟姐妹共享的所有因素，并没有发现任何证据表明明显的因果关系假设，即涉及基因和环境因素的下降，这些因素在家庭之间而不是家庭内部存在差异。
Population intelligence quotients increased throughout the 20th century-a phenomenon known as the Flynn effect-although recent years have seen a slowdown or reversal of this trend in several countries. To distinguish between the large set of proposed explanations, we categorize hypothesized causal factors by whether they accommodate the existence of within-family Flynn effects. Using administrative register data and cognitive ability scores from military conscription data covering three decades of Norwegian birth cohorts (1962-1991), we show that the observed Flynn effect, its turning point, and subsequent decline can all be fully recovered from within-family variation. The analysis controls for all factors shared by siblings and finds no evidence for prominent causal hypotheses of the decline implicating genes and environmental factors that vary between, but not within, families.