Webs, Networks, and Systems: Globalization and the Mass Media in the Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century British Empire
Webs, Networks, and Systems: Globalization and the Mass Media in the Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century British Empire
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网络、网络和系统：十九世纪和二十世纪大英帝国的全球化和大众媒体
DOI：
10.1086/515446
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
S. Potter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Potter
最近，我们被鼓励从“网”和“网络”的角度来思考英国的帝国历史。研究当代全球化的学者，为了寻找当前所感知的趋势的先例，使用这些标签来描述大英帝国的不同部分在19世纪和20世纪是如何联系在一起的。他们认为，大众媒体在维持这种相互联系的模式方面发挥了特别重要的作用，因此，在塑造跨国身份方面发挥了特别重要的作用。根据这一解释，电报和海底电报电缆等新的通信技术使新闻和意见得以更迅速、更自由地传播。这种解释认为，随后，无线电和电视开始成为一种更强大的跨国传播媒介，鼓励人们把自己看作是全球社区的成员。大英帝国的历史学家最近也开始撰写关于网络和网络的文章，并讨论大众媒体在创建帝国社区中的作用。特别是，世纪早期的历史学家已经展示了白色定居者群体如何利用报纸向英国和帝国其他地区的观众传达信息和观点。其中一些历史学家认为，在这个过程中，定居者排练声称自己是一个全球性的英国社区的成员，并讨论了关于“英国性”本质的想法。正如下面将要讨论的那样，在部署“网络化概念”时，全球化的学者们--
W have of late been encouraged to think of Britain’s imperial past in terms of “webs” and “networks.” Scholars of contemporary globalization, seeking precedent for current perceived trends, have used these labels to describe how different parts of the British Empire were linked together during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. They argue that the mass media played a particularly significant role in sustaining such patterns of interconnection and, as a result, in forging transnational identities. According to this interpretation, new communications technologies such as telegraphs and submarine telegraph cables allowed news and opinion to be disseminated more rapidly and more freely. Subsequently, this interpretation maintains, radio and television came to act as an even more powerful media of transnational communication, encouraging people to think of themselves as members of global communities. Historians of the British Empire have recently also begun to write about webs and networks and to discuss the role of the mass media in creating imperial communities. In particular, historians of the early nineteenth century have shown how groups of white settlers used newspapers to communicate information and opinion to audiences in Britain and other parts of the empire. Some of these historians argue that, in the process, settlers rehearsed claims to membership in a global British community and discussed ideas about the nature of “Britishness.” As will be discussed below, in deploying a “networked conception” scholars of globali-