Are bog plant/lichen tissue concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, and P affected by fugitive dust released from oil sands development in the Fort McMurray region of Alberta?
Are bog plant/lichen tissue concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, and P affected by fugitive dust released from oil sands development in the Fort McMurray region of Alberta?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157684
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发表时间：
2022-08-12
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Scott，Kimberli D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wieder，R. Kelman;Vile，Melanie A.;Scott，Kimberli D.
沼泽是反营养型的，仅依靠大气沉降来获取新的元素。人类活动增加的元素沉积有可能改变沼泽中的养分可用性，从而改变生态系统功能。此外，由于有效的元素保留，沼泽可以充当元素沉积的有效监测器。为了评估加拿大艾伯塔省油砂开发产生的颗粒物扬尘的潜在影响，我们量化了距离油砂工业中心 12 至 77 公里的 6 个沼泽中植物/地衣组织的钙、镁、钾和磷浓度。使用离子交换树脂收集器量化的 Ca 和 Mg（而非 K 或 P）在沼泽中的沉积随着距油砂工业中心的距离而减少。地衣(Cladonia mitis,Evernia mesomorpha)和泥炭藓(S. capillifolium,S. fuscum)组织中Ca和Mg的浓度随着远离油砂工业中心而降低，而K和P的浓度则不降低。除越橘、大杜鹃、云杉外，所有物种的组织Ca浓度与生长季Ca、Mg沉积呈正相关；对于除 P 之外的所有物种，叶片 Mg 浓度与生长季 Mg 沉积呈正相关。马里亚纳。钾和磷的组织浓度与生长季节钾和磷的沉积不相关。对于每个物种，受体模型确定了两个不同的来源，一个以 Ca 和 Mg 为主，推测代表油砂活动中的颗粒逃逸粉尘，另一个以 K 和 P 为主，这可能反映了泥炭中 K 和 P 的紧密内部循环和向上移位和/或野火中产生的颗粒 K 和 P 沉积。增加Ca2+和Mg2+沉积可以通过泥炭中的阳离子交换酸化沼泽孔隙水。
Bogs are ombrotrophic, relying solely on atmospheric deposition for new inputs of elements. Increased element deposition through anthropogenic activities has the potential to alter nutrient availability, and hence ecosystem function, in bogs. Further, because of efficient element retention, bogs may function as effective monitors of element deposition. To assess the potential effects of particulate fugitive dust from oil sands development in Alberta, Canada, we quantified plant/lichen tissue Ca, Mg, K, and P concentrations in 6 bogs ranging from 12 to 77 km from the oil sands industrial center. Deposition of Ca and Mg, but not K or P, quantified using ion exchange resin collectors, to bogs decreased with distance from the oil sands industrial center. Concentrations of Ca and Mg, but not K or P, in tissues of lichens (Cladonia mitis,Evernia mesomorpha) andSphagnum(S. capillifolium,S. fuscum) decreased with distance from the oil sands industrial center. Tissue Ca concentrations were positively correlated with growing season Ca and Mg deposition in all species exceptVaccinium oxycoccos,Rhododendron groenlandicum, andPicea mariana; leaf Mg concentrations were positively correlated with growing season Mg deposition for all species exceptP. mariana. Tissue concentrations of K and P were not correlated with growing season K and P deposition. For each species, receptor modeling identified two distinct sources, one dominated by Ca and Mg, presumed to represent particulate fugitive dust from oil sands activities, and a second dominated by K and P, which may reflect tight internal cycling and upward translocation of K and P in peat and/or K and P deposition as particulates generated in wildfires. Increasing Ca2+and Mg2+deposition may acidify bog porewaters through cation exchange in peat.