Logical abstractions for noisy variational Quantum algorithm simulation

Logical abstractions for noisy variational Quantum algorithm simulation
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噪声变分量子算法模拟的逻辑抽象

DOI:
10.1145/3445814.3446750
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
26th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS ’21
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Martonosi, Margaret
Martonosi, Margaret
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Huang, Yipeng;Holtzen, Steven;Millstein, Todd;Van den Broeck, Guy;Martonosi, Margaret

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由于现有量子计算机原型的不可靠性和有限的容量,量子电路模拟仍然是验证下一代量子计算机和研究变分量子算法的重要工具,变分量子算法是有用量子计算的主要候选之一。现有的量子电路模拟器没有解决变分算法的共同特征,即:1)它们处理噪声量子比特和操作的能力,2)它们重复执行相同的电路但具有不同的参数,以及3)它们从电路最终波函数中采样以驱动经典优化例程的事实。我们提出了一个基于逻辑抽象的量子电路仿真工具链,用于模拟变分算法。我们提出的工具链在概率图形模型中编码量子振幅和噪声概率,并将电路编译为逻辑公式,支持对不同参数的量子电路进行有效的重复模拟和采样。与最先进的状态向量和密度矩阵量子电路模拟器相比,我们的模拟方法在从噪声电路中采样时提供了更好的性能,至少有8到20个量子比特,每个量子比特上大约有12个操作,使该方法非常适合模拟近期变分量子算法。对于模拟32个量子比特的无噪声浅量子电路,我们的模拟方法与基于张量网络收缩的量子电路模拟技术相比,采样成本降低了66倍。
Due to the unreliability and limited capacity of existing quantum computer prototypes, quantum circuit simulation continues to be a vital tool for validating next generation quantum computers and for studying variational quantum algorithms, which are among the leading candidates for useful quantum computation. Existing quantum circuit simulators do not address the common traits of variational algorithms, namely: 1) their ability to work with noisy qubits and operations, 2) their repeated execution of the same circuits but with different parameters, and 3) the fact that they sample from circuit final wavefunctions to drive a classical optimization routine. We present a quantum circuit simulation toolchain based on logical abstractions targeted for simulating variational algorithms. Our proposed toolchain encodes quantum amplitudes and noise probabilities in a probabilistic graphical model, and it compiles the circuits to logical formulas that support efficient repeated simulation of and sampling from quantum circuits for different parameters. Compared to state-of-the-art state vector and density matrix quantum circuit simulators, our simulation approach offers greater performance when sampling from noisy circuits with at least eight to 20 qubits and with around 12 operations on each qubit, making the approach ideal for simulating near-term variational quantum algorithms. And for simulating noise-free shallow quantum circuits with 32 qubits, our simulation approach offers a 66× reduction in sampling cost versus quantum circuit simulation techniques based on tensor network contraction.
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