The Effects of Opioid Use during Pregnancy on Infant Health and Well-Being.
The Effects of Opioid Use during Pregnancy on Infant Health and Well-Being.
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怀孕期间使用阿片类药物对婴儿健康和福祉的影响。
DOI：
10.1177/00027162231154338
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ehrenthal,Deb
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pac,Jessica;Durrance,Christine;Berger,Lawrence;Ehrenthal,Deb
我们估计婴儿在子宫内暴露于阿片类药物对他们出生时健康的因果影响，以及他们的父母成为儿童保护服务后续报告的对象的可能性。我们使用了2010年至2019年期间参加医疗补助计划的176，224名母亲所生的259，723名婴儿的管理数据。结果表明，出生后出现戒断症状或需要入院接受重症监护的婴儿与产前阿片类药物暴露密切相关，并且这种影响集中在母亲使用非法阿片类药物或在妊娠早期和妊娠晚期接受药物辅助阿片类药物治疗的婴儿中。产前阿片类药物暴露也与父母转介儿童保护服务以及早产、低出生体重或小于胎龄有关。我们发现暴露于处方阿片类药物的婴儿的影响较小，但这些影响并不微不足道，支持目前的建议，以平衡婴儿不良反应的可能性与妊娠期间疼痛管理的益处。
We estimate the causal effects of infants’ exposure to opioids in utero on their health at birth and on the likelihood that their parents will be the subjects of subsequent reports to child protective services. We use administrative data on 259,723 infants born to 176,224 mothers enrolled in Medicaid between 2010 and 2019. Results suggest that an infant experiencing withdrawal symptoms after birth or needing admission to intensive care is strongly associated with prenatal opioid exposure, and that this effect is concentrated among those whose mothers used illicit opioids or were undergoing medication-assisted opioid treatments in their first and third trimesters. Prenatal opioid exposure is also associated with referrals of parents to child protective services and with being born preterm, low birthweight, or small for gestational age. We find smaller effects among infants exposed to prescription opioids, but these effects are not trivial, supporting current recommendations to balance the potential for infant adverse effects with the benefits of pain management during pregnancy.