FORUM: Sustaining ecosystem functions in a changing world: a call for an integrated approach
FORUM: Sustaining ecosystem functions in a changing world: a call for an integrated approach
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论坛：在不断变化的世界中维持生态系统功能：呼吁采取综合方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Yachi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Tomimatsu;Takehiro Sasaki;H. Kurokawa;J. Bridle;C. Fontaine;J. Kitano;Daniel B. Stouffer;M. Vellend;T. Bezemer;T. Fukami;E. Hadly;M. V. D. Heijden;M. Kawata;S. Kéfi;Nathan J B Kraft;K. McCann;P. Mumby;T. Nakashizuka;Owen L. Petchey;T. Romanuk;K. Suding;G. Takimoto;J. Urabe;S. Yachi
随着人类对生态系统的压力不断增加，预测生态系统功能将如何应对此类人类引起的扰动至关重要。我们将扰动定义为间接影响生物群的非生物环境变化（例如富营养化、气候变化），或直接影响生物群的变化（例如物种引入）。虽然生态学的两个研究领域——生物多样性-生态系统功能（BDEF）和生态复原力（ER）研究已经解决了这个问题，但这两个研究领域在解决广泛的现实场景的能力方面都存在着不小的缺陷。我们概述了综合研究框架如何通过同时应用（i）使用基于特征的方法进行基于过程的机械预测和（ii）沿真实扰动梯度检测功能变化的经验模式，从而促进对扰动的功能后果的更深入理解。在这种背景下，生态相互作用和进化观点的复杂性应该纳入未来的研究中。合成与应用。通过了解生态系统功能对可控扰动的响应，可以最直接地指导受人类影响的生态系统的管理。特别是，我们需要描述各种扰动函数关系的形式，并绘制这些模式与潜在生态过程之间的联系。我们预计，综合视角也将有助于管理者从学术文献中获得对管理的实际影响。通过了解生态系统功能对可控扰动的响应，可以最直接地指导受人类影响的生态系统的管理。特别是，我们需要描述各种扰动函数关系的形式，并绘制这些模式与潜在生态过程之间的联系。我们预计，综合视角也将有助于管理者从学术文献中获得对管理的实际影响。
With ever-increasing human pressure on ecosystems, it is critically important to predict how ecosystem functions will respond to such human-induced perturbations. We define perturbations as either changes to abiotic environment (e.g. eutrophication, climate change) that indirectly affects biota, or direct changes to biota (e.g. species introductions). While two lines of research in ecology, biodiversity-ecosystem function (BDEF) and ecological resilience (ER) research, have addressed this issue, both fields of research have nontrivial shortcomings in their abilities to address a wide range of realistic scenarios. We outline how an integrated research framework may foster a deeper understanding of the functional consequences of perturbations via simultaneous application of (i) process-based mechanistic predictions using trait-based approaches and (ii) detection of empirical patterns of functional changes along real perturbation gradients. In this context, the complexities of ecological interactions and evolutionary perspectives should be integrated into future research. Synthesis and applications. Management of human-impacted ecosystems can be guided most directly by understanding the response of ecosystem functions to controllable perturbations. In particular, we need to characterize the form of a wide range of perturbation-function relationships and to draw connections between those patterns and the underlying ecological processes. We anticipate that the integrated perspectives will also be helpful for managers to derive practical implications for management from academic literature. Management of human-impacted ecosystems can be guided most directly by understanding the response of ecosystem functions to controllable perturbations. In particular, we need to characterize the form of a wide range of perturbation-function relationships and to draw connections between those patterns and the underlying ecological processes. We anticipate that the integrated perspectives will also be helpful for managers to derive practical implications for management from academic literature.