The effects of straw incorporation with plastic film mulch on soil properties and bacterial community structure on the loess plateau
The effects of straw incorporation with plastic film mulch on soil properties and bacterial community structure on the loess plateau
复制标题
秸秆还田对黄土高原土壤性质及细菌群落结构的影响
DOI：
10.1111/ejss.12912
复制
发表时间：
2019-12-14
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Siddique, Kadambot H. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yuze;Hu, Yingchun;Siddique, Kadambot H. M.
塑料薄膜覆盖的应用和作物秸秆还田和结合到表土作为独立的处理影响土壤的理化性质，包括养分平衡/循环。秸秆还田和地膜覆盖是否对土壤理化性质和细菌群落有显著影响尚不清楚。采用双因素（地膜覆盖和秸秆还田）随机区组设计，设不覆盖地膜或秸秆还田（C）、地膜覆盖（M）、秸秆还田（CS）和秸秆还田（MS）4个处理。处理3年后，在生长周期结束时对土壤进行取样。秸秆还田显著提高了土壤有机碳（SOC）、全氮（TN）和硝态氮（NO3--N）含量。地膜覆盖对土壤细菌丰度有显著的负效应，秸秆还田对土壤细菌丰度无影响。秸秆还田对土壤细菌多样性有显著的正效应，而地膜覆盖对土壤细菌多样性无显著影响。MS和M处理具有比C和CS处理显著更多的变形菌门。在秸秆还田处理中，土壤细菌群落结构的形成主要受土壤总氮、硝态氮和有机碳的影响，而在秸秆不还田处理中，土壤铵态氮（NH 4 +-N）的形成主要受土壤总氮、硝态氮和有机碳的影响。可见，地膜覆盖与秸秆还田相结合可通过影响农田土壤碳氮循环，显著改变土壤细菌群落的分类和功能组成，提高土壤细菌多样性，尤其是在干旱半干旱地区。
The application of plastic film mulch and the return and incorporation of crop straw into topsoil as independent treatments affect soil physicochemical properties, including nutrient balance/cycling. It remains unclear whether combining straw incorporation and plastic film mulch significantly affects soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities. We conducted a two‐factor (plastic film mulch application and maize straw incorporation) randomized block design experiment with four treatments: no plastic film mulch or straw incorporation (C), plastic film mulch (M), straw incorporation without mulch (CS) and straw incorporation with mulch (MS). Soil was sampled at the end of the growing cycle after 3 years of treatment. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and nitrate‐nitrogen (NO3−‐N) concentrations significantly improved after straw incorporation. Plastic film mulch had a significant negative effect on soil bacterial richness, whereas straw incorporation had no effect. Straw incorporation had a significant positive effect on bacterial diversity, whereas plastic film mulch had no effect. The MS and M treatments had significantly more Proteobacteria than the C and CS treatments. Formation of the soil bacterial community structure was driven by soil TN, NO3−‐N and SOC in the treatments with straw incorporation, and soil ammonium‐nitrogen (NH4+‐N) in the treatments without straw incorporation. In conclusion, plastic film mulch coupled with straw incorporation can significantly change the taxonomical and functional composition of soil bacterial communities and enhance soil bacterial diversity by affecting carbon and nitrogen cycling in cropland soils of farmland, especially in arid and semiarid regions.